Infectious diseases

• Infection

  Occurs when pathogens manage to enter the body and multiply, causing damage to the body's cells and symptoms like a rash or fever
• Disease


  Any medical condition with specific symptoms, a person has a disease only when symptoms appear, which may be hours, days, or weeks after infection
• Diseases caused by pathogens

  • Common cold
  • Flu
  • Hepatitis
• Causes of diseases

  • Lifestyle factors such as smoking
  • Environmental factors such as air pollution
  • Genetic factors inherited from one's parents
• Non-infectious diseases

  Diseases not caused by pathogens, cannot spread from person to person through a community
• Contagious


  When an infectious disease can pass from one person to another through various means like shaking hands, sharing drinks, or breathing in saliva droplets
• Controlling the spread of a disease

  Isolating infected people can help protect others
• Non-contagious

  Infectious diseases that cannot spread from person to person
• Factors affecting the impact of an infectious disease on a community

  • Deadliness
  • Contagiousness
• Deadliness of a disease

  The percentage of infected people that die from it
• Contagiousness of a disease


  How easily it spreads through a population, measured by the average number of people that an infected person passes the disease to
• Measles is extremely contagious, one infected person can spread it to 18 other people, but it is not very deadly, with only about 0.8% of infected people dying from it