Svalbard

• Svalbard is in Norway in the Arctic ocean and has a population of roughly 2,700
• summer temperatures range from 3-7 degrees
• winter temperatures range from -13 —> -20 degrees
• glaciers cover 60% of the land and the rest is tundra, and its too cold for trees to grow so there is no arable farming
• Natural resources in Svalbard that allow residents to make developments in sectors such as

  • mineral extraction
  • Energy
  • Fishing
  • Tourism
• development faces challenges due to

  • extremely cold temperatures
  • inaccessibility to areas
  • provisions of building and infrastructure
• over 60% of the land is protected, and different zones have different levels of protection — nature reserves allow very little access, while tourism areas have fewer regulations
• Ny-Ålesund

  Ny-Ålesund is the most northerly settlement in the world and its mostly scientific researches

  1. cruise ships are required to tell passengers about rules for visitors
  2. visitors must stick to 1.5km path around the settlement and there are lost of boards with environmental information
  3. ship only allowed to remain anchored for a few hours, reducing diesel pollution