growth in plants

• Young cells have a vacuole which takes in water by osmosis and enlarges, causing cells to elongate.
• Root hair cells:

  • Large surface area to increase absorption of water.

  • Large central vacuole to store nutrients.

  • Thin cell wall that allows good exchange of materials with soil.
• Plant cells divide by mitosis behind the tips of shoots and roots. Then, the cells grow by enlarging.
• Palisade cells:

  • Contain many chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

  • A tall shape and large surface area to absorb carbon dioxide.

  • A thin shape so lots of cells can be fitted at the top of the leaf.