Pressure group evidence

• 2004 Hunting Act

  The Countryside Alliance tried to block the ban and worked to change the terms of the ban

  They tried to use the judicial route in delaying the implementation through the ECHR
• Johanna Lumley helped campaign for the Justice for Gurkhas pressure group which was successful in 2015
• Promotional / Casusal pressure groups

  Environmental pressure groups claim it will help everyone

  Anti Poll Tax Federation in 1989-1990 persuaded the government to abolish the tax

  Electoral reform
• Sectional pressure groups

  Trade unions

  Institute of Directors (employers)

  Alliance, NFU
• National Farmers Union (NFU) is an insider group as its relationship with the government is mutually beneficial as the government needs the support from farmers to guide their legislation and farmers need the government's support

  It does still go against the government when there is a need - they use both insider and outsider tactics
• Confederation of British Industry is an insider group that regularly produces reports on how businesses are operating and its attitudes to taxation, employment regulation, trade and economic policy
• Greenpeace is an outsider group that regularly causes civil disobedience to promote their causes such as banning genetically modified crops and choose to go against the government as they believe mobilising the public is a better way of bringing change
• Association of British Drivers is an outsider group but is an aspiring insider
• Some pressure groups could be both sectional and causal - they could be both interested in the welfare of a particular group and interested in the welfare of society as a whole

  Trade unions are concerned specifically about their members but also care about all workers in the profession showing both sectional and causal motivations
• New Social Movements

  • Womens' rights movements like #metoo
  • Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
  • Black Lives Matter Movement
  • Occupy (during the 2008 financial crisis people camped outside Wall St and later major financial centres around the world)
• The Office of Fair Trading is an ultra insider group - set up by the government and funded with taxpayer money