reproductive system

• Parts of Male Reproductive System

  • Penis
  • Testis
  • Urethra
  • Vas Deferens
  • Epididymis
  • Bulbourethral Gland
  • Seminal Vesicle
  • Prostate Gland
• Parts of Female Reproductive System

  • Ovary
  • Cervix
  • Fallopian Tube
  • Uterus
  • Endometrium
  • Vagina
• The primary sex organs or gonads are the testes in males and the ovaries in females
• The gonads produce sex cells or gametes and sex hormones
• The other parts of the system are called accessory reproductive organs
• Testes


  Each testis is approximately 4cm long and 2.5cm wide, contains lobules with seminiferous tubules which are the sperm-forming factories
• Epididymis


  A highly coiled tube about 6m long, site of sperm development and maturation, contracts to expel sperm to the next part of the duct system
• Vas Deferens


  A tube that propels sperm from the Epididymis into the Urethra, squeezes the sperm forward during ejaculation
• Urethra


  Extends from the base of the urinary bladder to the tip of the penis, carries both urine and sperm to the body's exterior
• Male urethra


  Carries both urine and sperm to the body's exterior, but urine and sperm never pass at the same time
• Accessory Glands and Semen

  Accessory glands produce the bulk of semen, the sperm-containing fluid propelled out of the male's reproductive tract during ejaculation
• Seminal Vesicle


  Produces about 60% of the fluid volume of semen, rich in fructose, vitamin C, and other substances to nourish and activate sperm
• Prostate Gland


  Secretes a milky fluid that plays a role in activating the sperm
• Bulbourethral Glands


  Produce a thick, clear mucus that cleanses the urethra and serves as a lubricant during sexual intercourse
• Semen


  A milky white, sticky mixture containing sperm and accessory glands secretions, provides transport medium, nutrients, and protection for sperm
• Semen


  A milky white, somewhat sticky mixture containing sperm and accessory glands secretions. It provides a transport medium and nutrients, contains chemicals that protect the sperm and aid their movement, and inhibits bacterial multiplication
• About a teaspoonful of semen is ejaculated from the gonads which contains 300 million - 500 million sperms
• Scrotum


  A divided sac of skin that hangs outside the abdominal cavity, between the legs and at the root of the penis. Its main function is to regulate the temperature inside the testes to protect the sperms from dying
• Penis


  Designed to deliver the sperm into the female reproductive tract and to penetrate the vagina. Consists of a shaft, which ends in an enlarged tip, the glans penis. Internally, the spongy body is surrounded by 3 elongated areas of erectile tissues that fill with blood during sexual excitement, causing the penis to enlarge and become rigid (erection)
• Ovaries


  Paired organs the size and shape of almonds, containing tiny sac-like structures called ovarian follicles, each containing an immature egg called an oocyte
• Fallopian Tube


  Also known as the uterine tube. Each tube is 4 inches long and receives the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization. Fimbriae are finger-like projections that surround the ovary and help carry the oocyte to the uterine tube
• Uterus


  Also known as the womb, shaped like a pear, a hollow organ that receives, retains, and nourishes a fertilized egg. It holds a developing fetus for 9 months. The uterus wall, known as the endometrium, is where a fertilized egg implants itself for nutrients during development. If the egg is not fertilized, the endometrium sheds about every 28 days in response to changes in ovarian hormones
• Vagina


  A thin-walled tube 8-10 cm long, often called the birth canal. It provides a passageway for the delivery of an infant and menstrual flow, and is the female organ for copulation. The end of the vagina is partially closed by a thin fold of mucosa called the hymen, which tends to bleed when ruptured during the first sexual intercourse
• Clitoris


  Composed of erectile tissue that becomes swollen with blood during sexual excitement
• External genitalia of the female reproductive system

  • Vulva
• Hymen


  A thin fold of the mucosa that tends to bleed when ruptured during the first sexual intercourse
• Vulva


  The external genitalia of the Female Reproductive System
• Labia Majora


  Surround and protect the vagina, contains sweat and oil-secreting glands
• Labia Minora


  Surround and protect the vagina, secretes anti-bacterial substances as a defense against infections
• Female Reproductive System components

  • Fallopian tube
  • Ovary
  • Endometrium
  • Uterus
  • Follicle
  • Cervix
  • Vagina
• GnRH - Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone


  Stimulates egg maturation
• FSH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone


  Releases
• LH - Luteinizing Hormone


  Stimulates
• Testosterone


  Male sex hormone produced by the male gonad, stimulates the production of sperm cells and triggers changes in male body organs leading to masculine traits
• Estrogen


  Main sex hormone in females, secreted by the ovary prior to ovulation, causes changes in the body making females look feminine
• Progesterone


  Produced by the ruptured follicle called corpus luteum, prepares the uterus for possible pregnancy, involved in the formation and maintenance of the endometrium and uterus, signals the posterior pituitary gland to secrete hormones for milk production and muscular contraction during childbirth
• How the nervous system coordinates and regulates feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis

  Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates the feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis
• A rebus is a puzzle device that combines the use of illustrated pictures with individual letters to depict words or phrases
• Yellow
• Red