Organ functions

• Where is the heart located?

  In the chest between the lungs
• What type of muscle makes up the heart?

  Cardiac muscle
• What is the primary function of the heart?

  Pumps blood around the body
• Where are the lungs located?

  In the chest
• What is the appearance of the lungs?

  Pink, soft and spongy
• What type of cells are found in the lungs?

  Simple epithelial cells and elastic fibers
• What is the function of the lungs?

  Gas exchange at alveoli
• Where is the brain located?

  Inside the skull
• What is the structure of the brain?

  Soft and delicate
• What types of cells are found in the brain?

  Neurons and neuroglia
• What is the function of the brain?

  Receives and sends electrical impulses and hormones
• Where is the stomach located?

  In the abdomen, under diaphragm
• What is the appearance of the stomach?

  Muscular J-shaped pouch
• What type of muscle is found in the stomach?

  Non-striated muscle
• What does the stomach produce?

  Chyme - food mixed with acid and enzymes
• Where is the liver located?

  Right side of abdomen near stomach
• What is the structure of the liver?

  Has lobes and cuboid epithelial cells
• What is one of the functions of the liver?

  Secretes bile that emulsifies fats
• What does the liver store?

  Glycogen
• What does the liver break down?

  Lactic acid and amino acids to form urea
• Where is the pancreas located?

  Between stomach and duodenum on left side
• What is the appearance of the pancreas?

  Leaf-shaped organ
• What type of epithelium is found in the pancreas?

  Glandular epithelium
• What does the pancreas secrete?

  Digestive juices
• What hormones does the pancreas produce?

  Insulin and glucagon
• Where is the duodenum located?

  First part of small intestine that joins to stomach
• What type of muscle is found in the duodenum?

  Non-striated muscle
• What type of epithelium lines the duodenum?

  Columnar epithelium
• What occurs in the duodenum?

  Most digestion takes place here
• What does the duodenum secrete?

  Digestive juices
• Where does the ileum join?

  Joins to colon
• What is the structure of the ileum?

  Highly coiled
• What is the function of the ileum?

  Absorption of digested foods into blood
• What does the ileum absorb?

  Vitamins
• Where does the colon join?

  Joins ileum in right hand side of abdomen
• What is the function of the colon?

  Absorbs water and produces faeces
• Where are the kidneys located?

  In the lower back
• What is the appearance of the kidneys?

  Bean-shaped structures
• What is the function of the kidneys?

  Filters blood and removes waste
• What structures make up the kidneys?

  Made up of nephrons