Trophic Levels

• Give two ways in which energy may be lost from the food chain.

  Heat

  Respiration
• Give two reasons why some people think the cattle factory is a good idea

  More milk

  Electricity produced
• Give two reasons why some people think traditional farming is better than the cattle factory.

  Crops fertilised

  Less disease
• The carbon in dead bean plants is returned to the atmosphere via the carbon cycle. Describe this part of the carbon cycle.

  Microorganisms decay

  Respiration

  Carbon dioxide released
• Give three reasons why so little of the energy from the primary consumer is passed on to the secondary consumer.

  Lost as heat

  lost in respiration

  movement
• Explain why farmers control the temperature when they’re indoors.

  so, they don’t get too hot

  don’t lose condition
• Explain why farmers want to stop the pigs moving about when they’re indoors

  reduce energy loss by movement

  so, more is available for growth
• Give two arguments against rearing pigs indoors instead of rearing them outdoors.

  Less humane

  More intensive labour
• When Fusarium is grown in an industrial fermenter, other factors also need to be controlled. Give two of these other factors.

  Ph

  Ion concentration
• Give two methods of maintaining fish stocks at a sustainable level.

  Fishing quotas

  Smaller nets
• Why do fish in the cages grow faster than fish of the same species that are free in the sea?

  Fish can’t move freely so less energy loss from fish

  Theres more food available so there is more energy for growth

   
• producer

  Organism that can make its own food
• Primary consumer

  an organism that eats producers
• herbivore


  an organism that eats only plants
• Secondary consumer

  
  

  organism that eats primary consumers (can be carnivores or omnivores)
• omnivore

  organism that eats plants and animals
• carnivore

  organisms that eats only animals
• Tertiary consumer

  organism that eats carnivores
• Apex predator

  a predator without any predators