BELLWOOD AT PAGULAYAN

• Naniniwala si Meacham sa polarized concept of migration and local evolution
• Taiwan - origin of Austronesians (Bellwood)
• Formosa - island in Taiwan, closest to Batanes
• PAN - Proto-Austronesians, located in Taiwan
• PAN MAP

  North- Taiwan

  South- New Zealand

  East- Easter Island

  West- Madagascar
• Intermarriage


  naapektuhan ang physical attributes ng mga tao
• Early Austronesians

  Cereal-based economy (rice and millet)
• Major Factors in the Spread of Austronesian

  • Cultural spread
  • ExSetPos- Explore Settle Possess new territory
• Tapenkeng (dapenkeng)


  Northern Taiwan
• 3 different options that faced by indigeneous hunters and gatherers

  • Assimilation
  • Physical Extermination
  • Mimosa Isolated independence
• Austronesians' story was partially one of the assimilation of other cultures.
• As group expanded, they develop better methods of canoe construction and navigation.
• The question of Austronesian is basically a linguistic question.
• 2 primary conclusions

  1. PAN was located near or in Taiwan
  2. Expansion has primarily involved the founder movement
• Austronesian prehistory components

  Speakers, Archeological Assemblage, Languages
• Large Concentration of ANP

  Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia
• Cultural Package

  Red slipped pottery

  Tattooing chisels

  Fully furnished stone adzes
• Polynesian Motif


  9-based pair deletion
• Robert Blust


  division of austronesian language into 10 families
• Magapit Pottery

  Nakita sa Northern Luzon
• Nusantao Trade

  Wilhelm Solheim

  AN as lingua franca
• Genetic Studies

  West to East Movement
• Rice samples are always found with the containers, trade commodity
• John Terrell


  linguistic diversity of melanesian-spoken
• Lapita culture

  polynesia, micronesia, melanesia
• Lapita Archeological Record

  inter-island and inter-population exchange of cultural material
• Cagayan Valley


  Nahukay ang lithics at stamped pottery na katulad ng sa Chaolaiqiao site at sa Fuishan site in vessel form
• Gua Sireh (Malaysia)


  Nakita ang mga rice phytoliths
• 2 co-circulation of pottery

  • cord or basketry type
  • plain, red-slipped
• Genetics (landscaping tools)

  manok, aso, baboy
• Philippine population and Sulawesi population are alike in genetics.
• Outriggers


  pinaka useful na invention ng ANP
• STAR MAP


  gamit ng mga way finders