dna

• DNA is a polymer and the individual subunits are called nucleotides.

  Each nucleotide consists of:

  • Phosphate

  • Deoxyribose sugar

  • Base (A, T, C, G)
• Extraction of DNA from fruit:

  1. Mash fruit and mix into beaker with solution of detergent and salt. Detergent breaks down membranes which releases DNA and salt makes DNA stick together.
  2. Filter mixture into test tube to remove debris.
  3. Gently add ice-cold ethanol to filtrate. DNA percipitates as it’s not soluble in cold alcohol.
  4. DNA appears as stringy white precipitate which can be extracted using glass rod.
• Non-coding DNA is DNA which does not code for a protein but instead controls gene expression.