The Reactivity Series & Displacement Reactions

• What is the focus of today's video?

  The reactivity series of metals
• How do metals generally react with acids?

  They form a salt and hydrogen gas
• What do metals want to do with their outer shell electrons?

  They want to get rid of them
• What do we call the arrangement of metals by their reactivity?

  The reactivity series
• Which group of metals is the most reactive?

  Group 1 metals
• Why do we include carbon and hydrogen in the reactivity series?

  As references to compare the metals against
• How do we determine the reactivity of metals?

  By reacting them with acid or water
• What happens when potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  It forms potassium chloride and hydrogen
• What is the reaction of potassium with hydrochloric acid like?

  It is explosive and produces lots of hydrogen
• How does the reactivity change down the series?

  Reactions become less violent
• What do we observe when magnesium reacts with acid?

  It produces lots of bubbles
• What happens with zinc and iron in acid reactions?

  Fewer bubbles are produced than magnesium
• Which metals usually won't react with acids?

  Copper
• How can we measure the reactivity of metals?

  By measuring temperature changes during reactions
• What must be ensured for a fair test when comparing metals?

  Same mass and surface area of metals
• What do metals form when they react with water?

  Metal hydroxides and hydrogen
• Which metals do not react with water?

  Zinc, iron, and copper
• What happens when magnesium is placed in iron sulfate solution?

  Magnesium displaces iron to form magnesium sulfate
• What occurs when copper is added to iron sulfate solution?

  Nothing happens because copper is less reactive
• What are the key points about the reactivity series of metals?

  • Metals are arranged by reactivity
  • Group 1 metals are most reactive
  • Group 2 metals are less reactive
  • Transition metals are least reactive
  • Carbon and hydrogen included for reference
• What are the steps to determine the reactivity of metals?

  1. React metals with acid or water
  2. Observe reaction speed and violence
  3. Measure temperature changes
  4. Ensure fair testing conditions
• What are the products of metal reactions with acids and water?

  • Acids: Salt and hydrogen gas
  • Water: Metal hydroxides and hydrogen