energy stores and systems

• What is the principle regarding energy in physics?

  Energy is never created or destroyed.
• What does the principle of energy transfer imply?

  Energy is transferred between different forms and objects.
• What are the different forms of energy?

  • Thermal or internal energy
  • Kinetic energy
  • Gravitational potential energy
  • Elastic potential energy
  • Chemical energy
  • Magnetic energy
  • Electrostatic energy
  • Nuclear energy
• What is thermal energy related to?

  It is related to the temperature of an object.
• What does kinetic energy associate with?

  It is associated with the movement of an object.
• What is gravitational potential energy based on?

  It is based on an object's position in a gravitational field.
• What is elastic potential energy related to?

  It is related to energy in a stretched spring.
• What does chemical energy refer to?

  It is held in chemical bonds.
• What is magnetic energy responsible for?

  It holds magnets to your fridge.
• What does electrostatic energy cause?

  It can give you a shock when touched.
• What is nuclear energy derived from?

  It is derived from breaking atoms apart.
• How can energy be transferred between stores?

  Energy can be transferred mechanically, electrically, or by heating.
• What is a system in physics?

  A collection of matter being studied.
• What happens in an open system?

  It can exchange energy with the outside world.
• What is a closed system?

  It is separate from the outside world.
• What is the overall energy change in a closed system?

  The overall change is always zero.
• How does energy transfer occur in a kettle?

  1. Electrical energy flows to the heating element.
  2. It is transferred to the thermal energy store of the kettle.
  3. The heating element warms the water's thermal energy store.
• What does "work done" mean in terms of energy transfer?

  It refers to energy transferred during a process.
• What are the two main types of work done?

  Mechanical and electrical work done.
• What is mechanical work done?

  Using a force to move an object.
• What is electrical work done?

  It occurs when current flows through a circuit.
• How does friction do work on a train?

  It slows the train by transferring energy to heat.
• What happens to energy in the braking process of a train?

  • Friction slows the train down.
  • Kinetic energy is transferred to thermal energy.
  • Energy is dissipated as heat to surroundings.