series ciruit

• What is a common point of confusion in exams regarding circuits?

  The differences between series and parallel circuits
• How are components connected in a series circuit?

  All components are connected one after the other
• What is the structure of a parallel circuit?

  It contains more than one loop
• How does the configuration of circuits affect measurements?

  It changes how we measure current, voltage, and resistance
• What happens if one component in a series circuit is disconnected?

  • The whole circuit stops working
  • This is a significant downside of series circuits
  • Very few devices are connected in series
• How is the potential difference shared in a series circuit?

  It is shared across all components
• If a battery has a potential difference of 12 volts, what must the total voltage across two lamps add up to?

  12 volts
• If one lamp in a series circuit measures 8 volts, what is the voltage across the other lamp?

  4 volts
• What happens if both lamps in a series circuit are identical?

  Each lamp receives 6 volts
• How is current measured in a circuit?

  Using an ammeter
• Where should an ammeter be placed in a series circuit?

  In series within the main loop
• What is the relationship of current in a series circuit?

  The current is the same everywhere in the circuit
• How can you calculate current using Ohm's law?

  By dividing total potential difference by total resistance
• What does the green symbol in resistance equations represent?

  Sum of individual resistances
• If one lamp has a resistance of 4 ohms and another has 2 ohms, what is the total resistance?

  6 ohms
• How do you calculate the current if the battery has 12 volts and total resistance is 6 ohms?

  2 amps
• Why can we ignore the resistance of ammeters in calculations?

  They generally have tiny resistances
• How do you find the voltage across a single component in a circuit?

  Using current and resistance with Ohm's law
• If the current is 2 amps and the resistance is 2 ohms, what is the voltage across the lamp?

  4 volts
• How can you find the voltage across a component if you know the total voltage?

  By subtracting the voltage across other components
• How do voltmeters connect in a circuit?

  In parallel across the component
• What is a key point about components with greater resistance?

  They have a higher share of the voltage
• Why did the 4 ohm resistor have 8 volts while the 2 ohm resistor had 4 volts?

  More force is needed for higher resistance
• What are the main characteristics of series circuits?

  • Single loop configuration
  • Components connected one after the other
  • Current is the same throughout
  • Total resistance is the sum of individual resistances
  • Potential difference is shared among components
• What are the main characteristics of parallel circuits?

  • Multiple loop configuration
  • Components connected across common points
  • Voltage is the same across each component
  • Total resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance