Clause

• Clause


  Groups of words with a subject and a verb
• Phrase


  Does not contain a subject and a verb
• Independent clause


  • Can stand alone because they express complete thoughts
• Independent clause


  • The sun rises in the east
  • Warm brownies taste delicious!
  • I drink coffee
• Dependent clause


  • Also known as subordinate clause, can't stand alone because they don't express complete thoughts
• Dependent clause


  • since I drink coffee
  • whenever the sun rises
  • because I love stories
• Types of subordinate clause

  • Adjective clause
  • Adverb clause
  • Noun clause
• Adjective clause


  Dependent clause that functions as an adjective, often introduced by relative pronouns or relative adverbs
• Adverb clause


  Dependent clause that functions as an adverb, introduced by subordinating conjunctions
• Noun clause


  Dependent clause that functions as a noun
• Adjective clause


  • The tiger that was angry snarled at me
• Adverb clause


  • I will eat my broccoli after I eat this cookie
• Noun clause


  • Whatever you want is fine with me
• Declarative Sentence makes a statement and ends with a period
• Imperative Sentence gives a command and ends with a period or exclamation point
• Interrogative Sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark
• Exclamatory Sentence indicates a strong emotion and ends with an exclamation mark
• Simple Sentence


  Contains only one independent clause and no subordinate clauses, expresses only one main idea
• Simple Sentence


  • Maria loves limes
  • A day without sunshine is like night
  • I love the Philippines
• Compound Sentence


  Made up of at least two independent clauses and no subordinate or dependent clause, expresses two or more main ideas
• Compound Sentence


  • The ducks quacked, and the chicks peeped
  • He didn’t want to go to the dentist, yet he went anyway
  • I really want to go to work, but I am too sick to drive
• Compound sentence


  • The ducks quacked, and the chicks peeped
  • He didn’t want to go to the dentist, yet he went anyway
  • I really want to go to work, but I am too sick to drive
• Coordinating conjunctions


  Words that glue together similar words, phrases, or clauses
• Coordinating conjunctions


  • Two words: pie or cake
  • Two phrases: in the car or on the bike
• Coordinating conjunctions are used when we want to give equal emphasis to two main clauses
• Seven coordinating conjunctions


  • for
  • and
  • nor
  • but
  • or
  • yet
  • so
• Complex Sentence has an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. It uses a subordinating conjunction to combine its clauses
• Subordinating conjunctions are used to put together independent clauses to form complex sentences
• Compound-Complex Sentence


  • I would have purchased the dress that you like, but it was too expensive
  • Rachelle explained how cookies are made, and we practiced her techniques at home
  • We had a party because we had lots of cookies, and our guests ate the yummy treats
• Compound-Complex Sentence is made up of a compound sentence and a complex sentence. It has two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause
• For those students inclined in Math, the formula for sentence types is: Simple Sentence: SS = 1 IC, Compound Sentence: CdS = 2(n) IC, Complex Sentence: CxS = 1 IC + 1(n) SC, Compound Complex Sentence: CdCxS = 2(n) IC + 1(n) SC