History 2024

Subdecks (1)

Cards (116)

  • Author – who (role) 
    Date – when was it created 
    Audience – who is meant to see the source? 
    Message – what info does it provide? 
    Agenda – why was source created? 
    Nature – what type of source (book, diary, photo, etc) 
    Technique – how is message delivered 
  • David Lloyd George - Great Britain
  • Didn't want harsh penalty
  • Wanted Germany to regain strong economy to pay back (too harsh penalty=bad economy)
  • Used harsh punishment to be elected (public view)
  • Georges Clemenceau - France
  • Suffered most - French army bled dry (casualties, injuries, mental issues)
  • French wanted revenge
  • Speaker: 'Quote'
  • Believed that Germany should be '...brought to her knees...' So that they could not start war again
  • Prior to war, France had been humiliated by Germany
  • Woodrow Wilson - USA
  • Germans to be punished but not harshly
  • Created 'Fourteen points' - peace across Europe (no more secret treaties, countries to reduce weapons and armed forces, no nationality to have more power to govern another, all countries to belong in association)
  • USA suffered less than other 2 countries because they joined late
  • Saar Plebiscite – 1935  
    Conscription and Rearmament – 1935  
    Remilitarisation of the Rhineland – 1936  
    Anschluss with Austria – 1938  
    Munich Agreement – 1938 
    Czechoslovakia – 1938  
    Nazi-Soviet Pact – 1939  
    Invasion of Poland – 1 September 1939 
    +3 September 1939 – Britain declared war on Germany 
     
  • Many conservatives feared communism, therefore fascism offered less challenge
  • Speaker: 'Quote'
  • Britain had not recovered yet, had no resources, therefore needed to delay war
  • Britain couldn't defend extensive empire
  • France was unwilling to fight, and Britain said they could not go to war without France
  • Many saw Hitler's Germany as a barrier between communist Russia and West
  • Chamberlain was not a dictator, people did not want to go to another war, were sick of war
  • British government wanted to spend more money on the issues within Britain: housing, re-establishing country and did not want to spend on re-armament
  • League of Nations countries wanted to avoid war at all costs (morality)
  • Chamberlain misjudged Hitler - believed Hitler was reliable
  • German propaganda
    Germany claimed 'her people' in Sudetenland and Poland were being mistreated, movements in area supported oppressed people
  • Key points about Versailles Treaty
    • Treaty was forced on Germany (Diktat)
    • Terms of treaty were harsh: Germany lost 1/6 of its land, 10% of its industry, 6 million people, Armed Forces Restricted, Money reparations, Blame Article 231 (war guilt clause)
  • Extremist groups
    1. Spartacist uprising 1919
    2. Kapp Putsch 1920
  • Germany signed armistice and Treaty because they were starving and had no choice but to stop the war
  • Rumours spread that German army had been betrayed by Weimar politicians

    Leaders supported as they didn't have to take blame for war
  • Nazis went on to say The November Criminals were Jewish
    To demonise Jewish community
  • Every German had political freedom, which extremist groups used to attack Weimar Republic
  • Proportional representation allowed smaller parties to win seats in government, leading to coalition governments
  • Article 48 was overused, making people believe that democracy was not right for Germany
  • 1923 Crisis

    RUHUR occupation, Hyperinflation, Munich Putsch
  • During the golden years of Weimar, things were good and peaceful
  • After the death of the president, new president taxed more to pay back loans, however, in depression, spending is better
  • League of Nations established with 48 members

    1920
  • Locarno treaty signed by Germany, Britain, France, Italy, Belgium (no war over disputes, Germany accepted western borders + border changes via negotiation)

    1925