Psychology

• Components of the Brain

  • Hindbrain
  • Midbrain
  • Forebrain
• Hindbrain


  1. Connects brain and spinal cord

  2. Made up of medulla and cerebellum
• Cerebellum


  • Controls voluntary movement
• Medulla


  • Controls involuntary movement
• Midbrain


  1. Receives and processes information for visual and auditory movement

  2. Made up of reticular formation
• Reticular Formation


  • Sensory neurons that impulse sleeping cycle and behavioural functions
• Forebrain


  1. Controls voluntary movements and making decisions

  2. Made up of cerebrum, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and thalamus
• Cerebrum


  • Controls muscle movement and balance
• Cerebral Cortex


  • Outer layer of forebrain and controls responses to environment
• Hypothalamus


  • Controls basic survival skills
• Thalamus


  • The communication centre
• Structure of the Brain

  • Corpus Callosum
  • 4 Lobes
• Corpus Callosum


  • Neural fibres that connect the two hemispheres
• 4 Lobes


  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Frontal
  • Occipital
• Parietal Lobe


  • Touch sensations
• Primary Somatosensory Cortex


  • Processes sensations
• Temporal Lobe


  • Auditory information
• Primary Auditory Cortex


  • Receives sound from ears
• Wernicke's Area


  • Interpretation
• Frontal Lobe


  • Controls voluntary movement – thinking
• Broca’s Area


  • Controls speech
• Primary Motor Cortex


  • Movement of skeletal muscles
• Occipital Lobe


  • Vision
• Primary Visual Cortex


  • Process information from eyes
• The Nervous System


  • Nervous System
  • Central Nervous System
  • Peripheral Nervous System
• Nervous System


  • Major communicating system in the body consisting of Central and Peripheral Nervous System
• Central Nervous System


  • Communication centre and controls 5 senses – comprises of brain and spinal cord
• Peripheral Nervous System


  • Nerves that communicate information to your body and brain to move – two subdivisions of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System
• Somatic Nervous System


  • Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
• Autonomic Nervous System


  • Communicates between CNS and non-skeletal muscles – has two branches of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System
• Sympathetic Nervous System


  • Physical responses to stress or danger – fight or flight
• Parasympathetic Nervous System


  • Maintains calm body functions – rest and digest
• Neurons


  • Neurons
  • 3 Types of Neurons
  • Reflex Arc
  • Neural Transmission
• Neurons


  • Nerve cell that receives, processes and communicates information – comprises of dendrites, cell body, and axon
• Dendrites


  • Receives incoming information from neurons to cell body
• Cell Body


  • Controls metabolism and maintenance of cell – contains nucleus
• Myelin Sheath


  • Protective coating protects from surrounding fluid
• Axon


  • Messages travel through
• Axon Terminal


  • Transmits message to next neuron and releases neurotransmitters
• 3 Types of Neurons


  • Motor Neurons
  • Sensory Neurons
  • Interneuron