Dna/rna

• DNA replication


  The process of making copies of DNA
• Semiconservative method


  Parental DNA strands separate, so that each strand will become the template for producing similar A molecules
• DNA replication


  1. An enzyme called helicase breaks the bond between the nitrogenous bases

  2. The two strands of DNA split

  3. The bases attached to each strand then pair with the free nucleotides found in the cytoplasm

  4. Complementary nucleotides are added to each DNA polymerase to form new strands

  5. Two new DNA molecules, each with a parent strand and a new strand are formed
• Parental DNA strands


  Original DNA strands that separate to become templates for producing new strands
• New strands


  Strands formed by adding complementary nucleotides to each DNA polymerase
• DNA replication is known as semi-conservative replication, because one of the old strands is conserved in each new molecule
• Complementary structure


  The two strands of DNA are complementary to each other, allowing each strand to serve as a template during replication
• RNA


  Single stranded nucleic acid
• Major types of RNA

  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • rRNA
• mRNA


  Carries the information from DNA to the ribosome
• tRNA


  Translates the genetic message carried by the mRNA through protein synthesis
• rRNA


  Forms the structural component of the ribosome. It serves as the site for attachment of mRNA and tRNA for protein synthesis