wk2 (genetic engineering)

• Genetic Engineering


  Branch of Biology focusing on altering the genetic make-up of an organism to impart new characteristics
• Biotechnology


  • Use of organisms to manufacture products intended to benefit society
• Recombinant DNA technology


  Altering genetic material outside an organism to obtain enhanced and desired characteristics in living organisms or as their products
• Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)


  • An animal, plant, or microbe whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques
• Benefits of GMO


  • Keep Food Affordable
  • Resistance to Insect Damage
  • Decreased nutritional value
  • May cause allergic reactions
  • Risk of GMO
• Recombinant DNA technology revolutionized fields like medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. It allows scientists to manipulate DNA, creating custom genetic sequences for various purposes. This technology enables the production of pharmaceuticals like insulin and vaccines, development of genetically modified crops with improved traits such as resistance to pests or drought, and advancement in gene therapy for treating genetic disorders. Its importance lies in its potential to address health challenges, enhance food security, and drive scientific innovation
• Geology


  Study of life on Earth based on evidence found on rocks
• Geologist


  • Scientists who research various materials that make up the Earth, study geological formations, fossils, and work to explain the history of life on Earth or its evolution
• To research about prehistoric life, paleontologists look at fossil remains of various creatures below the Earth's surface. Geologists study the outer layer of the Earth's crust to understand Earth's history. They use the geologic time scale to break the past of the planet into periods of time
• Geologic timescale


  Used to represent evolutionary time, with several levels of division from oldest to latest geologic timeline
• Geologists study the outer layer of the crust of Earth to understand Earth's history
• Geologists work closely to explain the history of life on Earth, or its evolution
• Logists use the geologic time scale to break the past of the Planet into periods of time
• Geologic timescale levels


  • Eons: Phanerozoic Period, Pre-Cambrian Period
  • Eras: Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic Era
  • Periods: Cambrian Period, Silurian Period, Devonian Period, Permian Period, Triassic Period, Jurassic Period, Cretaceous Period, Quaternary Period
• Phanerozoic Period


  Started more than 500 million years ago
• Phanerozoic Period


  • Recent period
• Pre-Cambrian Period


  • Accounts for nearly 90% of the history of the Planet
• Proterozoic Eon


  1. From 2.5 billion years ago to 540 million years ago

  2. First multicellular organisms arose

  3. Mass extinction took place
• Archaeozoic Eon


  1. From 3.9 billion to 2.5 billion years ago

  2. First life-forms represented by single-cellular organisms appeared
• Hadean Eon


  1. From 4.6 billion to 3.9 billion years ago

  2. Characterized by the formation of the Earth from dust and gases
• Paleozoic Era


  1. Started 540 million years ago and continued for 300 million years

  2. During this age, several kinds of species existed
• Paleozoic Era


  • Proof of certain marine organisms rich in fossil records
  • Mollusks developed buoyancy, echinoderms multiplied, coral reefs flourished
• Mesozoic Era


  1. Started about 200 million years ago and lasted about 180 million years

  2. Also called the Age of Dinosaurs and sometimes the Age of Reptiles

  3. Marked by the appearance of flowering plants
• Mesozoic Era


  • Karaurus sharovi, one of the earliest known salamanders from the Mesozoic era
• Cenozoic Era


  1. Started from 65 million years ago to the present

  2. Known as the present era

  3. Mammals have evolved and adapted to live in various environments
• Cenozoic Era


  • Sometimes called the Age of mammals