Behaviourist

• Classical conditioning process

  • Unconditioned stimulus produces unconditioned response that is innate
  • Unconditioned and neutral stimulus become associated with each other
  • This causes the conditioned stimulus to produce the unconditioned response
• Types of operant conditioning

  • Reinforcement: giving something to the individual as a consequence of their behaviour
  • Punishment: taking away something from the individual as a consequence of their behaviour
• Behaviourism evaluation

  + Scientific method: empirical

  + Real-life application: phobias, biofeedback, token system etc.

  - Environmental determinism

  - Mechanistic view of behaviour: ignores cognition, reductionist