DNA

• where does fertilisation take place in mammals?

  in the oviduct
• explain fertilisation between a sperm cell and a egg cell

  when the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg to produce a zygote
• why does code differ from person to person?

  the order of bases in DNA
• how are the bases held together?

  weak hydrogen bonds
• what is the shape of DNA?

  double helix
• what are the four bases and their pairs?

  adenine - thymine

  cytosine - guanine
• what does DNA carry?

  genetic information for making proteins
• what is a gene?

  a section of DNA that contains code for a protein
• what do genes contain?

  DNA
• what are the chromosomes made of?

  genes
• what is DNA made of?

  chromosomes
• what can effect characteristic?

  genes and proteins
• what does the sequence of bases determine?

  the sequence of bases determines the sequence of amino acids which determines the structure and function of protein produced
• what is the ‘T’ base replaced with in mRNA?

  U (Uracil)
• what is protein synthesis?

  mRNA is made and carries a

  complementary copy of the DNA from the nucleus through the cytoplasm to the ribosome
• name the type of molecule that proteins are made from

  amino acids
• name the type of molecule coded by a section of DNA

  protein