Freud

• Developed the psychodynamic approach
• Approach emphasises active nature of mental processes and their role in shaping personality and behaviour
• Assumptions

  • Human behaviour has unconscious causes that we're not aware of
  • Humans need to fulfil basic biological motivations
  • Childhood experience development of adult personality
• Freud 3 levels of consciousness

  • Conscious = what we are aware of at any given time
  • Preconscious = Made of memories that we can recall what we want
  • Unconscious = Memories, desires and fears cause anxiety and have been repressed or forced out of conscious
• Freud 3 parts of personality

  • Id
  • Ego
  • Superego
• id = Innate aggressive and sexual instincts. Wants instant gratification and accounts for unreasonable behaviour
• Ego = Exists in conscious and unconscious parts of mind as rational part known as reality principle
• Superego = Both in conscious mind and unconscious parts of mind. Morals into consideration and makes us feel guilt