Mahatma Gandhi

• Mahatma Gandhi is known all over the world as a prominent leader who played an important role in India's freedom struggle
• Mahatma Gandhi presented his thoughts from the point of view of economic development of the country
• Mahatma Gandhi's full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
• Mahatma Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujarat state


  2nd October 1869
• Mahatma Gandhi completed his matriculation education in India and further education from England
• Mahatma Gandhi's highest degree is Barrister from England
• Mahatma Gandhi went to South Africa in 1893 in reference to a case matter
• When Mahatma Gandhi saw the unequal treatment among the black and white in South Africa


  He started to fight against the government of South Africa by the way of 'Satyagrah' (Struggle for truth)
• Mahatma Gandhi came to India, toured India, and then started working in the Indian National Congress
• From 1920, Mahatma Gandhi took all the reins of the movement run by the Indian National Congress and carried out various agitations in the form of Satyagraha
• Major movements led by Mahatma Gandhi

  • Asahkar Andolan 1920
  • Dandi Yatra 1930
  • Civil Disobedience
  • Chale Jav Andolan 1942
• Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated by a thug named Nathuram Godse on January 30, 1948 after India gained independence
• Mahatma Gandhi is also known as Father of the nation
• After getting freedom from the British Government, Mahatma Gandhi started to focus on the socio-economic and political issues of India
• Mahatma Gandhi had a vision for the overall development of India from rural areas to urban areas
• Mahatma Gandhi was always against economic inequality, social inequality, regional and political inequality
• Mahatma Gandhi believed in equality through trusteeship and Survoday community
• Mahatma Gandhi focused especially on rural development to make villages self-sufficient
• Mahatma Gandhi's economic thoughts were pragmatic from an economic point of view in the context of the then situation
• During the period of British rule and India's social conditions, the caste system and high level of poverty existed on a huge level
• Gandhiji presented his economic philosophy by assuming minimum needs and simple living for a person to be happy in the countries
• Ethics and economics cannot be separated from each other according to Mahatma Gandhi
• Mahatma Gandhi's economic thoughts are based on principles of

  • Truth
  • Non-violence
  • Dignity of labor
  • Simplicity
• Concepts in Mahatma Gandhi's economy

  • Trusteeship
  • Sarvodaya and Sarvodaya Samaj
  • Gramswaraj and self-sufficiency of villages
  • Mechanization
  • Decentralization
  • Use of indigenous goods
  • Dignity of labor
  • Communist ideology
• Mahatma Gandhi's views on self-sufficient villages, labor dignity, trusteeship, and Sarvodaya concepts are studied
• Mahatma Gandhi proposed the concept of self-sufficient village, believing that 'True India lives in the villages'
• Mahatma Gandhi wanted self-sufficient villages to be created in the country
• The small artisans of the villages were used to make and sell the necessary goods needed by the people of the village
• Foodgrains, vegetables, and fruits were bought from farmers in the villages
• Since the coming of the British government, the villages have become dependent and the unemployment has increased
• The people of the villages were living a happy life


  Harmony between them as financial transactions with each other continued
• Since the coming of the British government, the villages have become dependent
• Due to the closure of village businesses, the unemployment specifically disguised unemployment rate among the people has increased
• Gandhi's concept of Gram Swaraj was primarily based on economically self-sufficient villages to be a perfect republic
• Gandhi's ideal village should have

  • Self-sufficiency, clean roads, sewage disposal, clean water, schools, clinics, community spaces, playgrounds for children, free basic education, industries and businesses run on cooperative principles, Panchayat (Local Government) administered through elected members, enactment of laws and enforcement by Gram Panchayats, a good market, emphasis on economic self-sufficiency, diverse agriculture, abundant water for agriculture through irrigation facilities
• Villages in India are beset by many problems today such as poverty, lack of health facilities, lack of education, lack of irrigation, lack of drinking water, non-availability of roads, etc.
• Rural life can be happy only if these problems are solved
• Mahatma Gandhi emphasized increasing Khadi production
• Labor is considered as the major factor of production
• To increase the national income of the country, it is necessary to increase production and productive capacity