M4

• ISOMERISM

  compounds that have the same chemical formula but different structures
• ISOMERISM

  • STEREOISOMERS
  • STRUCTURAL
• STEREOISOMERS

  • Geometric

  • Conformational

  • Optical

  Even though they have the same molecular formulas and atom arrangements, their distinction lies solely in the spatial orientation

  of groups within the molecule.
• STRUCTURAL ISOMERS

  • Chain

  • Postitional

  • Functional

  Isomers share an identical molecular

  formula but exhibit a distinct bonding

  arrangement among the atoms.
• CONSTITUTIONAL ISOMER

  Compounds with the same chemical formula but with different chemical structures
• CONSTITUTIONAL ISOMER

  Skeletal isomers

  Positional isomers

  Functional isomers
• skeletal isomers:

  1. Check if the compounds have a similar chemical formula.
  2. Identify the parent chain of the compound.
  3. If a functional group is present, check if they have the same locant (different parent chain but same locant for the functional group).
• Positional isomers:

  1. Similar chemical formula
  2. The same functional group present
  3. Different locations of functional groups.
• functional isomers:

  1. Similar chemical formula
  2. Same parent chain
  3. Different functional groups