nature is personified as the deadly enemy of the soldiers in the trenches. It has merciless, ice east winds that knife of them, and snowflakes that come feeling for their faces with fingering stealth , the men expect to die in German gunfire, but from the exposure to the elements.
There is no progression in the poem which mirrors the relentlessness of nature. The repeated stand the ending, but nothing happens echoes the monotonous snow, and rain falls on the men.