behavioural in explaining

• behavioural approach - emphasises the role of learning in acquiring an new behavour. what we can see, main behaviours are - freezing, avoidance, panic and endurance
• Orval Hobart Mowrer: two process model - states phobias a squires (leaned first) through classical conditioning and then continued through operant conditioning.
• classical conditioning - natural reflex is produced in response to a previously neutral stimulus

  phobias created when the natural fear response becomes associated with a particular stimulus
• classical conditioning research - Watson and Rayner, conditioned Little Albert to have a phobia of white rats. phobia was generalised to all white fluffy objects

  phobias can generalise to similar stimulus
• operant conditioning - learning through the consequences of actions, positive reinforcement (reward) and punishment (removal something bad)

  link phobias - people get anxious around phobias stimulus so avoid it. Prevents anxiety, acts as negative reinforcement