Internet

• What’s Ahead?

  1. Traced the history of the Internet and World Wide Web

  2. Identified the ways to access and connect to the Internet

  3. Analyzed how data travels through the Internet

  4. Performed search functions on the web

  5. Created a personal web page using WYSIWYG tools
• Internet


  Defined as a world wide network connecting to a million of computers via dedicated routers and servers
• Information can be sent and received via electronic mails (emails), text or video chats and/or conferencing, and computer programs, among others
• Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

  • Telephone companies like PLDT, Inc., Smart Communications, Inc., Digitel Mobile Philippines (Sun Cellular), Inc., and Globe Telecom serve as internet service providers
• No one owns “the Internet”
• Norton: 'The internet has evolved into something different from the special-purpose, restricted-use network its planners originally envisioned it to be'
• The Internet started from the Advanced Research Projects Agency’s Wide Area Network (ARPANET)
• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 with goals to allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together, and to function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster
• Internet Journey: The number of internet users as of January 2018 is 4.021 billion and increasing
• The internet is open to anyone who can access it
• Information can be in the form of documents, images, audio, video, and software programs, among others. All this information is known as data
• The Internet can assist people to perform various jobs: handling email, searching on websites, sending chat messages, programming through various software programs, website creation, etc.
• Data and information are transferred around the world through wired or wireless transmission media
• The transmission media that make up the internet backbone allow infor
• Jobs the Internet Can Do

  • Data and information are transferred around the world through wired or wireless transmission media
  • The transmission media that make up the internet backbone allow information or data exchanges between networks and several locations across the country
  • Data is transferred from one network to another until it reaches its final destination
  • Much of the internet runs on the ordinary public telephone network
• How Data Travels the Internet

  1. Circuit Switching – one of the most common schemes utilized to build a communications network

  2. Packet Switching – the message is broken into smaller parts (called packets) which are sent independently, and then reassembled at the ultimate destination
• Some computers serve as servers–a computer that is designed to process any requests for data and delivers data to other clients computers over a local network or the internet
• Client

  A computer or device that gets information from a server
• What Computers Do on the Internet

  • Types of servers: Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS), Domain Name System (DNS), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), File Server, Web Server II, Print Server
• Router – a hardware device designed to receive, analyze, and send incoming packets to another network
• World Wide Web (www) – collection of public websites that are connected to the internet worldwide, considered to be one of the applications in the internet and computer networks
• Web Technologies

  1. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) – a standard markup language used for creating websites

  2. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – classified as a set of standards allowing users of the World Wide Web to interchange information seen on web pages. Port 80 is the standard port for HTTP connections

  3. Web Servers and Web Browsers – software application for recovering, presenting, and navigating information resources on the World Wide Web
• March 12, 2017 – WWW turned 28 years
• Four stages how the Web works

  1. Connection

  2. Request

  3. Response

  4. Close
• Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) – internet address
• Four parts of URL

  1. The Protocol Identifier – indicates the protocol to use (http, https)

  2. The Domain Name – specifies the IP address where the resource is located

  3. The Path – used to direct the browser to a specific page on the website

  4. The File Name
• The Domain Name specifies the IP address where the resource is located
• The Path is used to direct the browser to a specific page on the website
• The File Name is part of the URL
• The World Wide Web
• Web Administrator maintains the website and can modify the website content
• Searching Tools

  • Subject Directories
  • Search Engines
• Subject Directories are developed and maintained by human editors and not by electronic spiders
• Search Engines use small programs called spiders or bots to polish the internet, follow links, and return information to the search engine’s index
• Techniques that can be used to improve web searches:
• Google Search Tricks:
• Additional search functions

  • Refer to https://www.lifehack.org/articles/technology/20-tips-use-google-search-efficiently.html
• Other Services
• References:
• Internet. (n.d.). BusinessDictionary.com. Retrieved from http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/internet.html