LEESON 3 AND UNIT 2

• It is the study of inheritance patterns of traits or genetic disorders within families

  PEDIGREE ANALYSIS
• Pedigree analysis primarly focuses on the study of

  mendelian traits
• WHEN AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL HAS 50% CHANCE OF PASSING THE TRAIT OR DISORDER TO EACH OF THEIR OFFSPRING

  AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT TRAITS
• GIVE ME THE AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CHARACTERISTICS

  -Vertical transmission

  -affected offspring of affecred parents

  -equal frequency in males and females

  -unaffected individuals do not pass on triat
• this disease is a neurodegenarative disorder

  huntingtons disease
• Marfan syndrome 


  connective tissue disorder that affects the skeletal cardiovascular and ocular systems
• red blood cells disorder characterized by spherical shaped red blood cells


  heredirity spherocytisis
• this trait is when affected individual inherits one copy of the mutant gene from each other

  AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE TRAIT
• CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE TRAIT

  -horizontal transmission

  -carriers

  -equal frequency

  -consanguinity
• what is X LINKED DOMINANT TRAITS

  the inheritance of inheritance of x linked dominant traits differs between males and females due to the presence of x chromosome in males and two x chromosome in females
• characteristics of x linked dominant traits

  -vertical transmission

  -affected fathers pass the trait to all daughters

  -affected mothers pass the trait to both sons and daughters

  -lack of male to male transmission
• x linked recessive traits 


  is when affected individual inherits a single copy of the mutant gene on the x chromosome from their carrier mother
• the characteristics of x lunked recessive recessive traits

  -male predominace

  -carrier females

  -absence of male to male transmission

  -skips generations
• what is y linked inheritance

  it is the affected male passes the trait or disorder to all of his sons
• mitochondrial inhertiance


  it is when an affected mother passes through all of his sons
• it is a lack of male to male transmission because a father can only pass his y chromosome to the sons

  X LINKED DOMINANT
• This is when an affected mothers pass the affected gene both to his sons and daughters

  x linked dominant traits