Croup, epiglottitis,and necrotizing enterocolitis

• Learning Objectives

  • Discuss the pathophysiology and etiology of Croup, Epiglottitis, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
  • Recognize signs and symptoms of Croup, Epiglottitis, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
  • Describe the treatment for patients with Croup, Epiglottitis, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
  • Discuss patient teaching for patients with Croup, Epiglottitis, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Croup


  Also known as laryngotracheobronchitis
• Causes of Croup

  • Parainfluenza virus 1 and 2, RSV, less common bacterial causes
• Croup

  Begins with an upper respiratory tract infection over a few days
• Epiglottitis


  Life-threatening medical emergency when there is acute inflammation of the epiglottis that results in a blockage of the airway
• Causes of Epiglottitis

  • Bacterial infection or viral illness
• Risk factors for Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)

  • Preterm birth
• Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)

  • Expected findings: abdominal distention, blood stools, hypotension, lethargy, poor feeding
  • Complications: infection, malabsorption, growth and development delays
  • Treatment: Prevent NEC, Prevent intestinal perforation, Measure abdominal girth, Assist with abdominal x-rays, Monitor vital signs, IV fluids, NG tube, Antibiotics, Prepare for surgical intervention
• Questions???