TYPES OF GETTING VAYLENCE ELECTRONS

• IONIC BOND

  metal and non metal

  process which metal transfer the valence electron to non metal
• COVALENT BOND

  sharing of 2 non metals
• Polar Covalent

  unequal sharing of electron
• Non polar covalent

  
  

  Equal sharing of electron
• OCTET RULE

  the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell.
• ELECTRONEGATIVITY

  a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group to attract electrons toward itself
• ionic

  electronegativity should be 1.7 or higher
• polar covalent

  electronegativity between 0.5 to 1.6
• non polar covalent

  electronegativity between 0 to 0.04
• Molecular Geometry

  is the three-dimensional structure or arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
• Linear

  Consist of carbon,oxygen and nitrogen and this elements can double and triple bond, and they dont have lone pairs, way to identify is when the element is in the group 2
• Bent

  they have 2 side chains with lone pairs, way to identify is when the element is in the group 4
• Trigonal planar

  consist of three side chain, way to identify is when the element is in the group 3
• tetrahedral

  consist of four side chain, way to identify is when the element is in the group 4
• Trigonal Pyramid

  Consist of three side chain with lone pairs,way to identify is when the element is in the group 5
• VSEPR MODEL (Valence- shell electron-repulsion)

  It accounts for the geometric arrangements of electron pairs around a central atom in terms of electrostatic repulsion between electron pairs.
• Intermolecular Forces

  are forces that form between molecules, atoms, or ions.
• lon-ion interaction

  exists between oppositely charged ions. It occurs between

  ionic compounds
• 

  Dipole - dipole Interaction

  Occurs between polar molecules. This is due to the partial positive pole and the partial negative pole of the molecule
• Hydrogen bond

  is a very strong dipole- dipole interaction. it occurs in polar molecules containing H and any one of the highly electronegative elements, in particular F, O, N
• Dispersion forces/London Forces

  Dispersion force is present in all molecules. It is the only force

  present in nonpolar molecules.