New and emerging technologies

• Difference between Bluetooth and NFC

  1.Max working range of NFC is max 20 cm whereas Bluetooth is 100 m .

  2.Data exchange is slower using an NFC than Bluetooth.

  3.NFC uses much less power than Bluetooth

  4.NFC connections are automatic whereas Bluetooth requires pairing code

  5.NFC connections are peer-to-peer whereas Bluetooth allows up to 7 devices to be connected simultaneously

  6.NFC is a new emerging technology hence fewer devices only support it but Bluetooth is standardized now.

  7.NFC connects instantly with another device whereas Bluetooth takes longer
• Advantages of NFC


  1.Wireless communication so no cabled connection is required

  2.Fast method of data transfer

  3.Present in many modern mobile devices so is becoming more universal.

  4.Does not require an internet connection.

  5.Does not require a pairing code.
• Disadvantages of NFCs


  1.Can be seen as less secure as user doesn’t need to authenticate the pairing of devices.

  2.Users are concerned that the technology could be used to steal their data.
• Advantages of AI


  1.Increased level of precision and accuracy as will likely have a lower error than a human

  2.Can replace the need for humans in tedious, repetitive or dangerous tasks

  3.Machines do not require rest, so can be used 24/7

  4.Can make logical decisions, void of emotion, so can provide a rational outcome.

  5.Can analyze large sets of data in a much more efficient fashion than a human.
• Disadvantages of AI


  1,Requires a high level of skills to program so can be very expensive to create

  2.The storage requirement of the program and knowledge base can be very extensive, creating greater expenses. 3.People have ethical and moral issues with computers being used to recreate intelligence.

  4.They don’t consider emotion when making decisions, so this is not considered. This also means they are not fully capable of human emotions such as empathy and sympathy

  5.As they are fundamentally based on rules, this can affect their ability to be creative.
• Advantages of augmented reality

  1.Can make a learning experience both entertaining and more immersive.

  2.Can be used to simulate and communicate immediate information, creating a better experience when used in a learning and training capacity,

  3. Can allow a user to simulate everyday experiences in an efficient manner. It can allow shopper to simulate trying out different clothing and hairstyles, without actually changing their clothing or hairstyles.

  4.Can be used to allow a user to navigate a new place, helping them to easily find the services and attractions they require
• Disadvantages of Augmented reality 


  1.It is based on the collection and analysis of data. This has caused some people to be concerned about the privacy and security of the data

  2.Some people believe that it can modify a person’s perception of reality and can cause a blurred distinction between the two.

  3.The technology required to process the data needed for a smooth AR experience needs to be fairly powerful, This type of technology is expensive to manufacture.
• Advantages of VR


  1.Can be used to simulate critical situations for organizations such as hospitals and the military, to provide a training tool to develop the necessary skills required for dealing with the crisis.

  2.Can be used to provide a very immersive experience into a different reality than the immediate real world. This can enhance the gaming experience. It can also provide a relaxing or calming environment, to help people with stress or mental health issues.

  3.Can help build a person’s confidence if they can replicate a situation that allows them to practice for a certain scenario
• Disadvantages of VR


  1.Achieving perfect calibration between the cameras and the user can be very difficult. If it is not accurate enough, it can cause the user to get a feeling of motion sickness.

  2.The technology required to create the VR experience is often expensive to manufacture.

  3.Some people think that there is a danger that people can be seduced by an alternate reality and neglect their real world reality as a result.
• Advantages of robotics


  1.Can perform task that might be tedious or dangerous for a human

  2.Do not require a break, so can work 24/7 if necessary

  3.Not prone to error like a human can be

  4.Can help reduce time and costs in manufacturing as can often complete tasks quicker and more consistently than a human is able to.

  5.Robotic pets can be used to increase the quality of life for those who are not able to have real life pets, due to issues such as allergies. Robotics pet have also been used to help people with depression
• Disadvantages of robotics


  1.Can be used to replace humans in certain jobs and may take much needed jobs from some humans.

  2.Can be paired with artificial intelligence and therefore learn, but are not capable of an emotional response. 3.Require a constant supply of power. This can be expensive and can have a lasting impact on the environment. 4.Designing and building robots requires a high level of skill and high quality materials to make sure they are reliable. This can be very expensive.

  5.Some humans fear the use of robots and don’t agree with our current dependence on them.
• Advantages of Computer-assisted translation

  1.People can get access to an instant translation of a document from one language to another. This can save time and improve communication.

  2.It can help reduce errors that may be present in manual translation methods.

  3.Translation tools are quite widely available and are therefore a relatively inexpensive tool.
• Disadvantages of Computer-assisted translation

  1.Some people are skeptical about the accuracy of the translation that computer assisted translators are capable of.

  2.Some people find that certain terms in a language are used in a context, for example a slang or colloquial language, Translation tools can often struggle to interpret these terms if used within a certain context.
• How do holographic imaging works

  1.It makes use of laser light to form interference patterns 

  2.It uses object beam and reference beam with one wavelength

  3.Object beam is passed through scene onto a recording medium

  4.Reference beam only hits recording medium

  5.Object and reference beams create an interference pattern and create image on a recording medium placed where the beams hit

  6.Medium and beam must not move

  7.Reference beam is used to recreate hologram from pattern on plate by diffraction
• advantages of holograms


  1.They do not require special glasses to view 3D effect.

  2.They are very difficult to replicate so can be useful as a security measure.

  3.If it much easier to see depth perception on a 3D projected hologram, than in ordinary 3D images.
• disadvantages of holograms


  1.3D projected holograms require expensive equipment to create.

  2.A lot of data needs to be stored in order to create holograms an d the cost of data storage can often be expensive.
• advantages of 3D printing

  1.The speed at which certain objects can be created is greatly increased through the use of 3d printing.

  2.A 3d printer will consistently create the exact same product from a model. The level of consistency would be much greater than when created by a human.

  3.Much more flexible when creating complex models, especially those that have hollow cavities within solid parts. 4.Although the initial setup costs will be high, the cost of creating each product with a 3d printer will often be much cheaper than alternative manufacturing methods
• Disadvantages of 3D printing

  1.It has become much easier to build dangerous and counterfeit items, which causes greater security and fraud issues.

  2.At present, 3d printers are only capable of creating relatively small items, Developments are progressing to increase the size of the objects that a 3d printer is capable of creating.

  3.3D printing reduces the number of manufacturing jobs.

  4.3D printing requires a relatively higher level of power consumption. This can be harmful to the environment as it increases emissions.
• Advantages of vision enhancement

  1.It can improve the visions of those with limited or poor vision, which can provide them with a better quality of life.

  2.It can improve the vision of those who are color blind, allowing them to see a greater scope of colors, and color correct h issue they may have.

  3.It can help improve visibility in scenarios where visibility is limited.
• disadvantages of vision enhancement

  1. The technology involved is expensive to manufacture. 

  2.The use of night and thermal vision devices is limited or illegal in some countries
• advantages of wearable computing

  1.It allows greater access to important statistics regarding our daily health. This can improve our ability to monitor our health

  2.Users can sync their fitness devices together and can encourage each other and set each other challenges, improving people’s motivation to exercise.

  3.It can aid communication by allowing a user to see alerts for any text messages or emails that they have received on their wearable devices.
• disadvantages of wearable computing

  1.Users can become obsessed with their health statistics, which can lead to damaging thoughts.

  2.There can be compatibility issues between devices.

  3.The accuracy of some health trackers can be dubious, as they are designed to monitor the average person and not the bespoke health of each person.

  4.Some people are concerned about the security of their data that is gathered by their wearable device. It is also possible for companies to use the data that us collected for marketing purposes, which users may not be aware of.
• Positive impacts of new and emerging technologies


  1.Enhanced Connectivity- easy communication

  2.Access to information- the internet

  3.Increased efficiency- automation and AI

  4.Health and wellbeing- wearable tech

  5.Entertainment and leisure-streaming services, gaming etc
• Negative impacts of new and emerging technologies

  1.Privacy concerns-data collection

  2.digital addiction

  3.Job displacement-automation and artificial intelligence

  4.Security risks-hacking and identity theft

  5.Social isolation-reduced face to face interactions
• Positive impacts of new and emerging technologies on organizations

  1.Increased efficiency

  2.Enhanced communication

  3.Data insights

  4.Global reach

  5.Innovation and agility
• Negative impacts of new and emerging technologies on organizations

  1.Security vulnerabilities

  2.Job displacement

  3.high implementation costs

  4.Dependence on technology

  5.Privacy concerns
• Development and use of prosthetics

  1.CAD is used to design devices with greater customization

  2.CAM used to create multiple prototypes during developments so better customization

  3.3D modeling used during design of devices resulting in quantity than hand-crafted devices for testing

  4.3D scanners used to measure areas for attaching prosthetics to body

  5.Use of electronic devices with microprocessors-controlled feedback loops to enhance performance

  6.Connections to nerve supplies via microprocessor systems to allow control of device

  7.Microprocessor systems used to interpret data
• Advantages of tissue engineering

  1.Tissue engineering uses biological material to alter and replace biological tissues with a greater success rate in patients.

  3.Development use of substitute materials for tissues reduces costs

  4.Reduces the need for biological donors

  5.Reduces the risk of tissue rejection.

  6.Can produce customized tissues.

  7.Religious objections to donated tissue can be overcome using artificial tissues

  8.Production of artificial meat products reduces environmental impact of animal farming
• Disadvantages of tissue engineering

  1.Can be very costly to carry out if sufficient base materials limited so new material must be developed

  2.May not be sufficient base material available for development

  3.Possible inclusion of hidden diseases in base tissue

  4.Latent diseases are difficult to find with current technology 5.Ethical issues are difficult to resolve

  6.Can increase the treatment time as tissue can take longer to grow