how parliament limited their power

• What event preceded William and Mary's conditional offer of the throne?

  The Glorious Revolution
• What significant change did Parliament assert after the Glorious Revolution?

  Parliament asserted its supremacy over the monarchy
• What type of monarchy was established after the Glorious Revolution?

  Constitutional monarchy
• What were the key limitations on the monarchy established by the Bill of Rights in 1689?

  • No suspending laws without consent
  • No taxation without parliamentary approval
  • No standing army in peacetime without Parliament
  • Free elections and frequent Parliaments guaranteed
  • Monarch must be Protestant
• What was the purpose of the Mutiny Act renewed annually from 1689?

  Required army discipline approval from Parliament
• What did the Toleration Act of 1689 provide?

  Partial religious freedom, excluding Catholics
• What did the Triennial Act of 1694 mandate?

  Parliament must be called every 3 years
• What was the financial impact of the Civil List Act of 1697?

  Crown received a fixed income for expenses
• How did Parliament take control of finance and war after 1689?

  • Control of taxation limited monarch's funds
  • Creation of the Bank of England relied on Parliament
  • Development of National Debt funded by Parliament
  • Mutiny Act required good relations for army funding
  • Civil List separated royal and state finances
• What was the impact of parliamentary control of taxation on the monarchy?

  Monarch could not raise funds independently
• What was the significance of the creation of the Bank of England in 1694?

  Crown depended on Parliament-approved loans
• How did the development of the National Debt affect the monarchy's financial independence?

  It weakened the monarch's direct financial control
• What was the role of the Mutiny Act in relation to the monarchy?

  Forced monarch to maintain relations with Parliament
• What major constitutional change did the Civil List introduce?

  Separated royal finances from state finances
• What shifts in political power occurred after the Glorious Revolution?

  • Monarchy became a constitutional monarchy
  • Parliament became central authority in legislation
  • Whigs and Tories dominated Parliament
  • Ministers gained influence and power
• What was the impact of the shift to a constitutional monarchy on the monarchy's power?

  Power limited by law, no personal rule
• How did Parliament establish supremacy over the monarchy?

  By becoming central authority in legislation
• Which political parties began to dominate Parliament after the Glorious Revolution?

  Whigs and Tories
• What was the consequence of the end of divine right monarchy?

  William accepted monarchy granted by Parliament
• What did the Toleration Act signify for religious policy?

  Weakened the idea of a single religious state
• How did the Crown's dependence on Parliament manifest?

  Crown needed Parliament for income and war
• What became the norm after the limitations on the Crown?

  Frequent Parliaments
• What was the overall impact of the limitations placed on William and Mary’s power?

  • Shift from absolutism to constitutional monarchy
  • Permanent end of Stuart absolutist ambitions
  • Parliament asserted supremacy in law, finance, and war
  • Crown became dependent on Parliament