Salts

• Hydrogen causes bubbling during the reaction, and can be detected by using a burning split
• The more reactive the metal, the faster the reaction. We can see this in a increase of bubbles per second

  
• Acids and metal hydroxides (alkalis)

  nitric acid + lithium hydroxide -> lithium nitrate + water
• metal oxide + acid -> salt + water
• Metal hydroxide + acid -> salt + water
• Metal carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Copper - observations with acid

  Minimal bubbles

  Slow reaction
• Zinc - observations with acid


  More reactive then copper

  Slow reaction
• Iron - observations with acid

  Bubbles

  Slow reaction
• Magnesium- observations with acid

  Lots of bubbles

  Quick reaction

  Hot
• What is a salt?

  A salt is any compound formed by the neutralisation of an acid by a base
• Making salt with a base/ metal/ carbonate

  Then evaporate the salt solution and you will get crystallised solute

  
• Making a salt with a alkali

  Titration is used

  Method:

  1. Use the pipette and pipette filter to add 25cm3 of alkali to clean conical flask
  2. Add a few drops of indicator and put the flash on the white tile
  3. Fill the burette with acid and note the starting volume
  4. Slowly add the acid from the burette to the alkali in the conical flask, swirling to mix it
  5. Stop adding the acid when the end-point is reached. Note the final volume reading
  6. Repeat steps 1-5 without using a indicator

  
• What is the purpose of an indicator?

  To show the end-point of the reaction. To show when the acid has neutralised the alkali