aqa a level psychology schizophrenia

• One biological explanation of schizophrenia is the dopamine hypothesis, which suggests that an overactivity of dopamine transmission in certain areas of the brain may contribute to the development of schizophrenia.
• Positive symptoms refer to experiences that go beyond normal human experience, such as hearing voices or having false beliefs.
• Positive symptoms refer to experiences that go beyond normal human experience, such as hearing voices or having strange beliefs.
• The DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia include delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech or behaviour, reduced emotional expression, lack of motivation, negative symptoms, cognitive impairment, social withdrawal, and reduced functioning.
• The DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia include delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech, grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour, negative symptoms (reduced emotional expression), and cognitive impairment.
• Brain structure abnormalities, such as enlarged ventricles or reduced gray matter volume in certain brain regions, have also been linked to schizophrenia.
• Another biological explanation is the role of genetics, as research indicates that individuals with a first-degree relative who has schizophrenia are at a higher risk of developing the disorder themselves.
• Schneider's first rank symptoms are the most reliable indicators of schizophrenia
• Dopamine is involved in regulating mood, motivation, attention, learning, memory, sleep, and movement
• The dopamine hypothesis proposes that there are two types of dopamine receptors - D1 and D2
• There are three main theories about how dopamine contributes to schizophrenic symptoms: too much dopamine, too little dopamine, or abnormal communication between neurons using dopamine as a neurotransmitter
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