Terminologies ANCS 1

• Acaricide – a substance or preparation used in killing ticks and mites
• Anthelmintic – a drug administered as drench, bolus, injectable or mixedin feed to get rid of gastrointestinal parasite
• Breed – a group of animals possessing certain well-defined distinguished characteristics and having the ability to reproduce these characteristics in their offspring with reasonable degree of surety.
• Breeder stock – animal intended for breeding purposes
• Breeding herd –these are dry cows and heifers ready for breeding
• Bull – a male breeding cattle of any age
• Bull herd –the breeding males used for breeding the cows and heifers
• Bulling – when a cow tries to ride other cows or when she stands if otherstry to ride her. A “bulling” cow is in heat.
• Calf – young cattle of either sex under one year
• Calf crop – the number of calves born
• Calving – act of giving birth in cows
• Calving interval – the average length of time in days between successivecalvings
• Castration –removal of the testis from the scrotum or any method thatwould render the testes functionless.
• Cattle (oxen) – general term for any class of animals of bovine family,genus Bos.
• Cercaria – ineffective larval stage of fluke in the nail host
• Colostrum – milk produced during the first 3-5 days after parturition whichcontains high protein, vitamins and minerals, and antibodies thatsupply essential immune bodies to the newly born animals.
• Concentrate – feed which contains less than 18% crude fiber with highdigestible nutrients.
• Conception – pregnancy
• Cow – mature cattle that has given birth
• Crossbreeding – the mating of two different breeds
• Dressing percentage – the percent of which the weight of the chilledcarcass is divided with that of the liveweight
• Enzootic – disease already known to prevailing areas, either indigenous orexogenous
• Estrus cycle (heat cycle) – Interval from one estrus to the next estrus
• Estrus (heat period) – the sexual period in females when they are receptiveto mating.
• Extraction rate – relative proportion of the number of cattle slaughtered tothe total cattle population.
• Fattener – feeder or steer herd- These consist of those ready for marketand the growing cattle.
• Feeders – animals of sufficient age, weight, and condition that they are immediately placed in the fattening lot.
• Feeder stock – cattle which is fattened prior to slaughtering
• Feedlot – area with its physical facilities used for cattle fattening.
• Fertilization – union of egg and sperm cells
• Flukecide – drug used as drench, bolus, injectable or mixed in feed to getrid of flukes
• Flushing – feed livestock with plenty of feeds to make them gain weightjust before or during breeding season.
• Grassland – a land or an area which the natural dominant plant form isgrass
• Gestation – pregnancy; period from fertilization to birth
• Grade – an animal produced by mating a purebred sire with a female ofless than purebred
• Hand feeding – system of feeding wherein feeds are brought to theanimals
• Hay – cut and dried forage for livestock feed
• Heifer – young female cattle usually under three years old that has not yet given birth
• Heifer herd – composed of heifers not yet ready for breeding
• Herbage – grass and other herbaceous vegetation for animal feeding