Anti diabetics

• Mechanisms of oral anti-diabetic drugs


  • Enhance insulin secretion
  • Overcome insulin resistance
  • Retard carbohydrate absorption
• KATP channel blockers


  Enhance insulin secretion
• Class of drugs that enhance insulin secretion


  • KATP channel blockers
  • Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitors
• Class of drugs which overcome insulin resistance


  • Biguanide or AMPk activators
  • Thiazolidinediones or PPARγ activators
• αGlucosidase inhibitors

  Retard carbohydrate absorption
• Miscellaneous anti-diabetics


  • Sodium glucose co-transport 2 inhibitors
  • Dopamine/D₂ agonist
• Glibenclamide


  • Sulfonylureas block Katp channel to enhance insulin secretion
• Gliclazide

  • Sulfonylureas block Katp channel to enhance insulin secretion
• Glipizide

  • Sulfonylureas block Katp channel to enhance insulin secretion
• Glimepiride

  • Sulfonylureas block Katp channel to enhance insulin secretion
• Tolbutamide


  Sulfonylureas block Katp channel to enhance insulin secretion
• α glucosidase inhibitors

  (Retard carbohydrates absorption)

  1. Miglitol
  2. Voglibose
  3. Acarbose
• DPP4 inhibitors(enhance insulin secretion)

  X-gliptins
• Meglitinide or D-Phenyalanine analogue, a Katp channel blocker (Enhance insulin secretion)


  X-glinides
• Sodium glucose cotransport-2 inhibitors(miscellaneous antidiabetics)

  X-gliflozins
• Metformin 


  AMPk activator or biguanide. (overcome insulin resistance)
• Pioglitazone


  • A thiazolidinedione
  • PPARγ activator
  • Overcome insulin resistance
• Bromocriptine 


  • D2 agonist(miscellaneous anti diabetic)
  • Anti-parkinsons
  • Inhibits prolactin release from anterior pituitary.