genetics

• DNA replication requires the enzyme DNA polymerase to add new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
• DNA replication occurs when DNA unwinds, separates into two strands, and new complementary strands are synthesized using one old strand as a template.
• The genetic code is the sequence of nucleotides that codes for amino acids.
• Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is involved in protein synthesis and has three main types: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
• DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
• RNA stands for ribonucleic acid
• A gene is a segment of DNA that contains instructions for making a specific protein or RNA molecule.
• what are the three parts of a nucleotide?

  deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
• what are the four types of nitrogenous bases?

  Adenine + Thymine, Guanine + Cytosine
• difference between genes is the length of DNA and order of bases
• adenine and guanine are purine bases
• thymine and cytosine are pyrimidine bases