Use a soil thermometer. Remember to wipe the probe between uses.
Light Intensity
Light meter used. Held at soil surface and pointed in direction of maximum light. Make sure not to shade meter.
Soil Moisture
Soil moisture meter used. Stick probe into soil and make sure to wipe between uses.
Soil pH
Soil pH meter or pH paper used.
Soil Nutrients
Take sample, dry it and weigh it. Burn it to burn organic material and reweigh.
Wind Speed
anemometer
Wind Direction
wind or weather vane
Precipitation
Using a rain gauge. Rain goes in the funnel and measures it, usually in millilitres. The funnel is narrow to avoid debris but can be blocked by snow.
Slope
Get a ruler and hold it level with one end against the ground. Then measure the vertical distance of the other end of the ruler from the ground. Divide this vertical measure by the length of the ruler.
