punnett squares

• alleles are different versions of a gene that can be passed down through families.
• dominant alleles express themselves even if only present once (heterozygous), while recessive alleles require two copies to show their effects (homozygous).
• genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, while phenotype refers to their observable characteristics.
• what is a phenotype?


  the observable trait of someone
• what is a genotype?


  the traits inherited by your parents
• punnett squares are also known as a monohybrid cross
• homozygous: the alleles in a genotype are identical
• heterozygous: the alleles in a genotype are different
• allele: a different form of a gene
• what are punnett squares?


  square diagrams used to predict genotypes of offspring
• polygenic inheritance: the inheritance of multiple genes simultaneously, each gene contributing a small amount to the phenotype
• incomplete dominance: both alleles of a gene are partially expressed
• codominance: two alleles of a gene are equally expressed