Philo11-L6

    Cards (41)

    • The immortal, non-corporeal essence of man
      The spirit
    • Religions that recognize souls
      • Monotheistic religions (Judaism, Islam & Christianity) - believe that man is the only being with a soul
      • Other religions (Jainism & Hinduism) - recognize that other living beings also possess souls
      • Animalistic religion (Shintoism) - non-living things such as mountains and rivers also possess a soul
    • Embodied cognition
      Man is able to perceive and experience reality through physical body. Whatever the mind can conceive the body can achieve
    • Enactivism
      Cognition arises through the interaction between an organism and its environment
    • Embodiment
      or personification, setting an example for how things should be. Central concept in discussing the nature of the human soul
    • Salvation of mankind
      Upon the body's demise, the spirit continues to persist into the afterlife
    • The spirit is an essential element for the salvation of mankind as the departed spirits will be raised from the dead during the end times and shall receive the judgment of God
    • The Mind-body problem (think then react)

      It considers the question of how the mental or nonphysical are able to interact with the physical body, and to what extent one influences the other
    • Physicalism (react then think)

      Believes that physical processes determine the state of mind
    • Idealism
      Holds that mental processes and thoughts are the only reality
    • Monism
      States that everything in this world is made of the same basic substance or is connected in one fundamental way (meaning reality )
    • The spiritual aspect of human existence is a vital component of religious belief
    • Theology
      The study of God and other religious concepts
    • Theologists discuss the nature of God and use philosophical tools to define and understand the concept of divinity and religion
    • God
      The supreme being which governs all existence, and the center of faith and devotion of a religion
    • Theism
      The belief in the existence of a God or several deities
    • Monotheism- Christians believe in a single God
    • Characteristics of a single God by the Christians
      • Omniscience - God is all-knowing
      • Omnipotence - God is all-powerful
      • Omnipresence - God is ever-present
      • Benevolence - God is perfectly good, just and all-loving
      • Divine simplicity - All attributes are integrated and embodied by him. God is not just "good"; he is goodness himself
      • Eternal - God is timeless and has no beginning and end. (Is the beginning or the end )
    • Ontological argument
      Contends that since man is a rational being who is able to conceive the notion of a supreme being, then it holds to reason that such supreme being exists
    • Teleological argument
      Focuses on the purpose a God would play in the universe. It argues that a supreme being is necessary for the continued existence of an orderly but complex universe
    • Cosmological argument
      Takes into account the nature of existence and the universe and recognizes the existence of God as an explanation of how things came to being in our reality
    • Moral argument
      Holds that man's ethical nature is brought about by the existence of God. God is the representation of the greatest ideal, and it is from him all standards of goodness are based
    • Immanence (point of holiness )

      Regards God as manifesting himself in the world as a unique identity
    • Transcendence
      Depicts God as existing outside the material world, and whose presence is beyond physical laws and even human knowledge and understanding
    • Panentheistic view
      States that God is both beyond and within the universe. God should be bigger than the universe.
    • Pantheistic view
      Holds that God is an all-encompassing presence in the universe and has no distinct presence as an entity. God is the universe or god can be anything living or non living.
    • Pandeistic view
      Contends that God was a distinct entity but lost this state when he transformed himself into the universe. God creates the universe and decides to become one with it. (Ex. Jesus Christ)
    • Human life is essentially a relationship with the spiritual and the divine. Religion plays an important part in defining human life and the actions of people
    • Whatever religious creed a person professes, one maintains a relationship with the divine through belief and adherence to certain doctrines and traditions, the performance of meaningful rituals, and ethical behavior
    • Spirit is our deeper connection with the lord, that means it acts as a messenger or bridge to the lord.
    • Soul is what makes us human, give us emotion, and rationality.
    • What does it take for a spirit to become a spirit ?
      immortal, non-corporeal
    • immortal - it does not die
    • non-corporeal - it does not have a body
    • Other religions (Jainism & Hinduism) - other living things posses a soul, including plants and animals
    • Brain - is the master controller of everything
    • 4 Relationship of mind and Body 1. The mind-body problem 2. Physicalism 3. Idealism 4. Monism
    • Ontological argument uses rationality or the mind to conceive, construct, and make ideas. And use this to reason out why god exist. Uses rationality, to reason out and convince
    • Cosmological Argument - argues that God must exist because he created the universe
    • Transcendence - God exist in the outside the material world or He exist w/o seeing him exist