feminist

• Abott et al

  Previous strands of feminism perpetuated a victim ideology, viewing black women as the helpless victims of racism and sexism, ignoring the extent to which black women have resisted oppression and actively shaped their own lives
• Brewer et al

  black working class women suffer disadvantages of race, class and gender inequality simultaneously. Each inequality reinforces and multiples the others
• Mirza

  Black feminists have actively changed the dominant image of black women as passive victims of racism, patriarchy and social class inequality. Black feminists have challenged the distorted assumptions of black women by drawing upon their own experiences
• Connell

  during colonial times, Western powers imposed their own gender norms while also establishing racial and ethnic hierarchies. These systems of domination still influence global power structures today.

  She criticises white feminism for failing to understand the experiences of women or colour, so many ethnic minority women feel excluded from dominant feminism.