UK economy

• What is one key aspect of economic change in the UK?

  De-industrialisation and decline of industrial base
• How has globalisation affected the UK's economy?

  Manufacturing has moved overseas for cheaper labor
• What role do government policies play in the UK economy?

  They influence investment and economic growth
• What has happened to jobs in primary industries since 1960?

  Jobs have decreased due to mechanisation
• What was the percentage of the workforce employed in manufacturing in 2011?

  8%
• What are the important sectors in the UK's tertiary and quaternary industries?

  Services, IT, finance, and research
• How many people are employed in the retail sector in the UK?

  4.4 million
• Why are science and business parks important for quaternary industries?

  They provide access to research and transport links
• What was a key government priority between 1997 and 2007?

  Encouraging investment in new technologies
• What happened to the UK economy in early 2008?

  The UK entered a recession with increased unemployment
• What measures did the government take to end the recession?

  Cutting spending and providing job training
• What was the average number of hours worked per week in 2001?

  34.7 hours
• What trend has been observed in part-time jobs since 2001?

  Increase in part-time jobs and zero-hours contracts
• How has the number of families with both parents in full-time work changed since 2008?

  It has increased due to government support
• What is the UK's trade deficit related to imports and exports?

  Imports exceed exports by over £150 billion
• What are the UK's main imports?

  Cars, crude oil, and petrol
• What are the negative effects of industry on the environment?

  Pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions
• What is one feature of modern industrial developments?

  They are more environmentally sustainable
• How does the Jaguar Land Rover factory reduce energy use?

  By maximizing natural cooling and light
• What are the key causes of economic change in the UK?

  • De-industrialisation and decline of industrial base
  • Globalisation leading to overseas manufacturing
  • Government policies affecting investment and growth
• What are the impacts of the recession on the UK economy?

  • Increased unemployment
  • Decreased GDP
  • Changes in government priorities to support businesses
• What are the characteristics of quaternary industries in the UK?

  • Focus on research and development
  • High employment in IT and finance
  • Growth in science and business parks
• How has the UK economy changed in terms of working hours and employment?

  • Decrease in average working hours
  • Increase in part-time jobs and zero-hours contracts
  • Growth in families with both parents working full-time
• What are the main goods traded by the UK?

  • Imports: cars, crude oil, petrol
  • Exports: cars, machinery, medicines
  • Trade deficit due to higher imports than exports
• How can industry reduce its environmental impact?

  • Implementing sustainable practices
  • Following strict environmental regulations
  • Utilizing renewable energy sources