Reproduction

• What is sexual reproduction?

  Joining of male and female gametes.
• What type of cell division is involved in sexual reproduction?

  Meiosis
• What type of cell division is involved in asexual reproduction?

  Mitosis
• What is meiosis?

  Cell division that produces four daughter cells (gametes), each with a singles set of chromosomes
• What are the male and female sex chromosomes in humans?

  XX female

  XY male
• What are the male and female gametes in flowering plants?

  Pollen- male

  Ovule- female
• What is the genetic material in cells called?

  DNA
• What is the structure of DNA?

  Two complimentary strands forming a double helix
• What is a gene?

  Small section of DNA that codes for a particular amino acid sequence, to make a specific protein
• What are alleles?

  Different forma of the same gene
• What Is a recessive allele?

  Allele that needs to present twice to be expressed
• What is a dominant allele

  Allele that is always expressed, even if only one copy is present
• What is a genome?

  The entire genetic material of an organism
• Define 'homozygous'

  Two of the same alleles present in an organism
• Define 'heterozygous'

  Two different alleles present in an organism
• What type of allele causes polydactyly?

  Dominant allele
• What type of allele causes cystic fibrosis?

  Recessive allele
• How many chromosomes do normal human body cells have?

  46 (23 pairs)
• Why is studying the human genome important?

  Search for genes linked to certain diseases

  Understanding and treatment of inherited disorders

  Tracing past human migration