Busman U3 AOS2

• Human resource management is the organisation of employees roles, pay and working conditions
• Motivation is the willingness of an individual to expend energy and effort in completing a task.
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory that suggests people have five fundamental needs, and their sequential attainment of each need acts as a source of motivation.
• Physiological needs are the basic requirements for human survival, such as food, water and shelter
• Safety and security needs are the desires for protection from dangerous or threatening environments
• Social needs are the desires for a sense of belonging and friendship among groups, both inside and outside the workplace.
• Esteem needs are an individuals desires to feel important, valuable and respected
• Locke and Latham's goal setting theory is a motivation theory that states that employees are motivated by clearly defined goals that fulfil five key principals:

  • clarity
  • commitement
  • challenge
  • task complexity
  • Feedback
• Lawrence and Nohria’s Four Drive Theory is a motivational theory that suggests that people strive to balance four fundamental desires
• The drive to acquire is the desire to achieve rewards and high status
• The drive to bond is the desire to participate in social interactions and feel a sense of belonging
• The drive to learn is the desire to gain knowledge, skills and experience
• The drive to defend is the desire to protect personal security as well as the values of the business
• Performance-related pay is a financial reward that employees receive for reaching or exceeding a set business goal.
• Career advancement is the upwards progression of an employee's job position
• Investment in training is allocating resources to improve employee skills and knowledge.
• Support strategies involve providing employees with any assistance that improves their satisfaction at work.
• Sanction strategies involve penalising employees for poor performance or breaching business policies.
• On the job training involves employees improving their knowledge and skills within the workplace.
• Off the job training involves employees improving their knowledge and skills in a location external to the business.
• Management by objectives involves both managers and employees collaboratively setting individual employees goals that contribute to the achievement of broader business objectives.
• Self-evaluation involves an employee assessing their individual performance against a set of criteria.
• Employee observation involves a range of employees from different levels of authority assessing another employee's performance against a set of criteria.
• Performance appraisals involve a manager assessing the performance of an employee against a range of criteria, providing feedback, and establishing plans for future improvements.
• Termination is the process whereby a business ends its employment contract with an employees.
• Retirement involves an individual deciding to leave the workforce permanently as they no longer wish to work.
• Redundancy involves an employee no longer working for the business because there is insufficient work or their job no longer exists.
• Resignation involves an employee voluntarily terminating their own employment, usually to take another job position elsewhere.
• Dismissal involves the involuntary termination of an employee who fails to meet required work standards or displays unacceptable of unlawful behaviour.
• Entitlement considerations are legal obligations an employer owes to its employees following the termination of their employment contract.
• Transition considerations are social and ethical practices that a manager can consider implementing when terminating employment.
• Human resource managers are individuals who coordinate the relationship between employees and management within a business.
• Employees are individuals who are hired by a business to complete work tasks and support the achievement of its objectives.
• Employer associations are advisory bodies that assist employers in understanding and upholding their legal business obligations.
• Unions are organisations composed of individuals who represent and speak on behalf of employees in a particular industry to protect and improve their wages and working conditions.
• The Fair Work Commission (FWC) is Australia’s independent workplace relations tribunal that has a range of responsibilities outlined by the Fair Work Act.
• Awards are legal documents that outline the minimum wages and conditions of work for employees across an entire industry.
• Agreements (aka enterprise agreements) are legal documents that outline the wages and conditions of employees and are applicable to a particular business or group of businesses.
• The dispute resolution process is a series of steps that disputing parties follow in order to resolve a disagreement and reach a resolution.
• Mediation involves an impartial third party facilitating discussions between disputing parties to help each side of the conflict reach a resolution themselves.