chapter 12

• the distal opening of the digestive tract is anus
• the teeth, pharynx, tonsils, and other structures in the oral cavity are shown in the mouth
• the molar tooth -the bony socket, gingiva (gum) blood vessels and nerve supplies are shown as well as a portion of the mouth
• Palate- is the roof of the mouth
• anterior palate ( hard palate) is the palate that is in front of the nose
• ( soft palate ) - posterior portion of the palate
• uvula- use in speech production, hangs from the soft palates
• mastication - process of chewing
• Saliva- a secreation that miostens the mouth and contains enzymes that break down food
• food leaving the stomach enters the duodenum, the first portion of small intestine
• small projections in the intestinal lining called villi
• any food that has not been digested, along with water and digestive juices, passes into the large intestine
• liver is the large gland with many functions
• a special circulatory pathway, the hepatic portal system, carries blood to the liver from the other abdominal organs
• the pancreas produces a mixture of of enzymes that is delivered into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct
• appendix -an appendage; usually means the narrow tube
• colon- the major portion of the large intestine