ART APPRE LESSON 3

• Telos


  Purpose (in Aristotle's philosophy)
• Eudaimonia


  Life of fulfillment and happiness (in Aristotle's philosophy)
• Aristotle claimed that every particular substance in the world has an end, or telos, which translates into "purpose"
• Every substance, defined as formed matter, moves according to a fixed path towards its aim
• Telos is intricately linked with function, as for a thing to reach its purpose, it also has to fulfill its function
• Function


  What art is for
• Architecture and Applied Arts


  • The value lies in the practical benefits one gains from it
• Painting and Literature


  • One can look at the value of the product of art in and for itself
• Noli Me Tangere and El Filibustirismo by Dr. Jose Rizal accrued value and function as they were designed to accomplish some definite end
• Personal functions of art

  Varied and highly subjective, depending on the artist's purpose (self-expression, entertainment, therapeutic)
• Social functions of art


  Art addresses a particular collective interest, such as conveying messages of protest, contestation, or social conditions
• Physical functions of art

  Artworks crafted to serve some physical purpose, such as a Japanese raku bowl used in a tea ceremony
• Other functions of art

  • Music for dance and religion, sculptures for religious purposes, architecture as the most prominent functional art
• Plato's view: Art as an imitation


  Artists are imitators, and art is mere imitation of the true entities in the World of Forms
• Aristotle's view: Art as a representation


  Art represents possible versions of reality, not just an imitation of another imitation
• Kant's view: Art as a disinterested judgment


  Judgment of beauty is subjective but based on some universal criterion, requiring us to be disinterested
• Tolstoy's view: Art as a communication of emotion


  Art communicates the emotions that the artist previously experienced