Midterms Lab Exam

• muscul/o means?

  muscle
• my/o means ?

  muscle
• sarc/o means ?

  flesh
• sthen/o means?

  strength
• three types of muscle tissue ?

  Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
• the attachment of a muscle to a bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts; is the site of the anchored end?

  origin
• the attachment of a muscle to a bone or structure that does move when the muscle contracts?

  Insertion
• a muscle that has its origin and insertion located in the same body region?

  Intrinsic muscle
• a muscle that has its origin located in a body region different from that of its insertion?

  Extrinsic muscle
• a muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle ?

  Fixator
• muscles that have the same action?

  Synergists
• the main muscle that performs the action, helped by synergists?

  Prime mover
• a muscle that has an opposing action?

  antagonist
• motions caused by the muscle contraction?

  Muscle actions 
• action that bends a part of the body anteriorly?

  Flexion
• action that bends a part of the body posteriorly?

  Extension
• movement of a part of the body away from the midline?

  Abduction
• movement of a part of the body toward the midline?

  Adduction
• movement that brings part of the body forward?

  Protraction
• movement that brings part of the body backward?

  Retraction
• movement of the jaw laterally to either side?

  Lateral excursion
• movement of the jaw back to the midline?

  Medial excursion
• position of standing on the heels with the toes pointing up off the floor?

  Dorsiflexion
• position of standing on tiptoes with the heels off the floor?

  Plantar flexion
• position in which the soles of the feet are together, facing each other?

  Inversion
• position in which the soles of the feet point away from each other?

  Eversion
• the act of spinning on an axis. Pointing your toes to the side involves lateral rotation of the leg?

  Rotation
• the act of making a circle with part of the body?

  Circumduction
• rotation that turns the palms up?

  Supination
• rotation that turns the palms down?

  Pronation
• the act of bringing the thumb to the palm?

  Opposition
• the act of taking the thumb away from the palm?

  Reposition
• the act of closing the jaw or raising the shoulders?

  Elevation
• the act of opening the jaw or lowering the shoulders?

  Depression
• A procedure that assesses the health of the muscles by testing how a muscle responds to electric stimuli?

  Electromyography (EMG)
• occurs when any part of the viscera protrudes through the muscle of the abdominal wall?

  Hernia
• involves a loop of the intestine protruding through the inguinal canal?

  Inguinal hernia
• involves the stomach protruding through the diaphram, This type of hernia is most common in people affected by obesity over the age of 40?

  Hiatal hernia
• extreme painful muscle spasm?

  Cramp
• used for a group of genetic disorders that result in progressive weakening and degeneration of muscle tissue and its replacement with fibrous scar tissue?

  Muscular dystrophy