Lesson 1:Midterms (RPH)

• Government


  The political system by which a country is administered and regulated, the political direction and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies, and states, the form or system of rule by which a state or community is governed, the governing body of persons, a branch or service of the supreme authority of a state or nation
• State

  • Government, people, territory, relation with other states (sovereignty)
• Government is not a state
• Philippine Government

  • Executive
  • Judicial
  • Legislative
• Co-equal

  The three branches of government are co-equal
• Executive


  Responsible for the implementation of law
• Judicial


  Responsible for interpreting the laws
• Legislative


  Responsible for law making
• Bicameralism

  The Congress of the Philippines has two chambers: Senate and House of Representatives
• Unicameralism

  A system of check and balance
• Quorum

  A specific number of people required
• President

  Has veto power
• Functions of Government

  • Constituent function (compulsory, such as keeping order and providing protection)
  • Ministrant function (optional, such as public works, public education and public health)
• Monarchy


  A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a single person
• Types of Monarchy

  • Absolute Monarchy (ruler rules by divine right)
  • Limited Monarchy or Constitutional Monarchy (ruler rules in accordance within limits set by the Constitution)
• Monarchy


  • Most monarchies have been ruled by kings, usually with the help of a council of advisors
  • In traditional monarchies in the past the supreme power of the state was vested in the monarch
  • Monarchs base their power on the doctrine of "the divine right of Kings"
• Aristocracy


  Also known as oligarchy, only a handful exercises power, rule of a few, "rule by the best", members of the upper class, the right arises from the fact of birth, wealth or wisdom, a governing body or upper class usually made up of a hereditary nobility
• Democracy


  A form of government where the rule is by the people
• Types of Democracy


  • Pure Democracy (people govern themselves directly)
  • Indirect Democracy, Representative Democracy or Republican Democracy (people govern through chosen representatives)
• Monarchy

  Aristocracy
• Differences between Monarchy and Aristocracy

  • Monarchs are heads of states and are symbols, generally follow democratic practices
  • Aristocracy is a class of people that hold a rank with privileges, heredity nobility
• According to the manner of instituting officials and the nature of official tenure

  • Elective (representatives are chosen by the popular will of the people)
  • Hereditary (transfer of honor and political title is through inheritance)
• Democracy is the...


  Government of the People, by the People, for the People.
• demos


  • greek word
  • "the people"
• kratos


  • rule