Biology Year 9 no.2

• The variety of life on Earth is called what?

  Biodiversity.
• Animals compete for food, territory and mates in what?

  Ecosystem
• Animals compete for what?

  Food, territory and mates
• What does plants compete for?

  Light, water, minerals and space
• Adaptations can be what?

  Structural, behavioral and/or physiological.
• Match the words with sentences:

  Behavioral

  Structural

  Physiological

  (e.g. the spines of a cactus)

  (e.g. antifreeze proteins in the blood of an Icefish)

  (e.g. penguins huddling together in a storm)

  Behavioral : penguins huddling together in a storm

  Structural : the spines of a cactus

  Physiological : antifreeze protein in the blood of an Icefish
• How many stages of selective breeding are there?

  Three stages.
• What are the selective breeding stages?

  Selecting parents with desired characteristics breed together, choose best offspring to breed together, and repeat the process over many generations
• Natural selection describes what?

  Survival of the fittest and reproduce.
• Lamarck suggested that traits ​were inherited and passed on to offspring​.
• Darwin suggested that species change over many generations due to natural selection.
• What are the sources of evidence for evolution?

  Fossil record, development of antibiotic resistance, DNA comparisons, comparative anatomy and embryology
• How can extinction be caused?

  New diseases/ predators/ competitors, climate change or a single catastrophic event.
• Random mutation of a bacteria can do what to an antibiotic?

  Can be resistant through the antibiotic.
• Antibiotic resistance can be prevented by reducing our use of antibiotics and always finishing a prescribed course of antibiotics.
• What is natural selection?

  Process of evolution