[6] MODULE 2 QUIZ 5 (Fishes)

• Benthic lamprey larva that spends its early stages buried in the sand

  Ammocoete
• Shark egg casings are also called mermaid's purses
• Heterocercal tail - Upper lobe extending higher, with vertebral column
• Intestinal modification in sharks

  Spinal valves
• Breathing by continuously swimming

  Ram ventilation
• Alternative to ram ventilation, uses negative pressure from mouth opening and closing

  Buccal pumping
• Eagle ray species name - Aetobatus ocellatus
• Animal dormancy like hibernation, but in the summer

  Aestivation
• First coelacanth species from Africa

  Latimeria columnae
• Oldest lungfish at 90 years old

  Methuselah
• Covers gills in Actinopterygians

  Operculum
• Laterally compressed body shape

  Compressiform
• Eel-like, elongated shape

  Anguilliform
• Angular, boxed shape of the body

  Ostraciiform
• Belly portion of the fish being lighter in shade

  Countershading
• Coloration that breaks up the background color of the body

  Disruptive coloration
• Warning coloration is also called aposematic coloration
• Palatable species mimicking dangerous species

  Batesian mimicry
• Sequential hermaphrodites:

  1. Protogyny - individuals are born female first
  2. Protandry - individuals are born male first
• Animal dormancy like hibernation, but in the summer

  Aestivation
• Marine lampreys are anadromous, migrating to freshwater to spawn