Measuring temperature change

• How can temperature changes in a reaction be measured?

  • Follow the change in temperature of a reaction mixture.
  • Use a polystyrene cup for insulation.
  • Measure the initial temperature of the solution.
  • Add the reactants and measure the final temperature.
• What is the first step in measuring temperature changes in a reaction?

  Put a polystyrene cup into a larger beaker.
• What is the purpose of adding a known volume of your first reagent to the cup?

  To measure the initial temperature of the solution.
• What should you do after measuring the initial temperature of the solution?

  Add a known mass/volume of your second reagent.
• Why is it important to record the maximum or minimum temperature during a reaction?

  To determine the temperature change during the reaction.
• What should you calculate after measuring the temperature change?

  Calculate the temperature change.
• What factors influence the change in temperature during a reaction?

  • The type of reagents used.
  • The concentration of the reactants.
  • The physical state of the reactants.
  • The amount of energy absorbed or released.
• How does the change in temperature depend on the reagents used?

  It varies based on the type of reagents involved.
• What happens to the temperature when dissolving salts in water?

  It can either increase or decrease.
• What is the effect of dissolving ammonium chloride in water?

  It decreases the temperature of the reaction mixture.
• How does the temperature change when dissolving salts depend on the salt type?

  It depends on whether the salt absorbs or releases heat.
• What happens to temperature when dissolving salts in water?

  Temperature changes when salts dissolve.
• How is temperature measured when dissolving salts in water?

  By adding salt to a polystyrene cup of water.
• What effect does dissolving ammonium chloride have on temperature?

  It decreases the temperature of the reaction mixture.
• What effect does dissolving calcium chloride have on temperature?

  It increases the temperature of the solution.
• What type of reaction occurs in neutralization reactions?

  Acid and base react to form salt and water.
• What is the result of the neutralization reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate?

  It is exothermic.
• What is the characteristic of displacement reactions?

  More reactive element displaces a less reactive one.
• What happens in precipitation reactions?

  Insoluble solids form when two solutions mix.
• What is the result of mixing lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide?

  Lead iodide precipitate forms.
• How does energy transfer occur in chemical reactions?

  Energy is absorbed or released during reactions.
• What is the importance of energy transfer in reactions?

  It determines whether reactions are exothermic or endothermic.
• What are the types of chemical reactions?


  • Dissolving reactions
  • Neutralization reactions
  • Displacement reactions
  • Precipitation reactions
• What are the characteristics of exothermic and endothermic reactions?

  • Exothermic: Releases energy, increases temperature
  • Endothermic: Absorbs energy, decreases temperature