PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

• Proportion


  The relationship in size between various parts and the whole
• Balance


  The arrangement of a design on a space resulting in a sense of equilibrium
• Types of balance

  • Formal or symmetrical balance
  • Informal or asymmetrical balance
  • Radial balance
• Formal or symmetrical balance


  • Equal visual weight of each side of an imaginary central vertical line
• Informal or asymmetrical balance


  • The design is balanced, but each side is different in some way
• Emphasis


  The designer's ability to create a center of interest by which the viewer's eyes are directed to a specific area of a garment or body part
• Rhythm


  The repetition of an accent to create an interesting design
• Harmony


  The pleasing and congruent arrangement of parts
• Elements of Design

  • Line
  • Texture
  • Color
• Line


  Skeleton or basic foundation sketch to direct the eye vertically or horizontally
• Texture


  Surface appearance, which is either rough or smooth, dull or glossy, thick or thin
• Color


  May be cool, warm, bright, or dull. Choosing the right color will greatly affect the appearance of your finished project
• Primary Colors

  • Red
  • Yellow
  • Blue
• All other colors are derived from the 3 primary hues
• Secondary Colors

  • Green
  • Orange
  • Purple
• Secondary Colors


  Formed by mixing the primary colors
• Tertiary Colors


  • Blue-green
  • Red-violet
  • Yellow-orange
  • Purple-orange
  • Red-orange
  • Red-purple
  • Blue-purple
  • Blue-green
  • Yellow-green
• Tertiary Colors


  Formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color
• The beauty of any color scheme depends how well the colors harmonize
• To harmonize, colors must appear to belong together
• Related Color Schemes

  • Monochromatic Harmony
  • Analogous Harmony
• Monochromatic Harmony


  One color of different shades
• Analogous Harmony


  Three neighboring colors, one of which is dominant
• Contrasting Color Schemes

  • Complementary
  • Double Complementary
  • Split Complementary
  • Triad
• Complementary


  Colors opposite each other in the color wheel
• Double Complementary


  Two neighboring colors and their opposite colors
• Split Complementary


  Three colors diagonal with each other
• Triad


  The color in between three spaces in the color wheel